Trnka Pavel, Aldaghi Tahmineh, Muzik Jan
Department of Information and Communication Technologies in Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Studničkova 7, Prague, 12800, Czech Republic, 420 777568945.
The Spin-off Companies and Research Results Commercialization Center, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2024 Oct 10;7:e50370. doi: 10.2196/50370.
Managing type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents can be difficult for parents, health care professionals, and even patients. However, over the last decades, the quality of services provided to patients with diabetes has increased due to advances in IT.
This study aims to comprehensively document the range of IT tools used in the management of diabetes among children and adolescents, with a focus on identifying the technologies most commonly used based on their frequency. In addition, the study aims to explore relevant methodologies for developing diabetes technology and provide valuable information to developers by delineating essential phases of the design process.
The literature search was focused on MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Google Scholar for relevant studies. Keywords such as "type 1 diabetes," "adolescents," "kids," "mHealth," "children," and "coaching" were combined using Boolean operators. The inclusion criteria were open access, English-language papers published between 2012 and 2023 focusing on patients younger than 18 years and aligned with our research goal. The exclusion criteria included irrelevant topics and papers older than 18 years. By applying the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, 2080 studies were recognized, and after selection, 33 papers were agreed upon between the researchers.
Four primary categories were defined: types of IT, methodology identification, purpose identification, and feature determination. Among these, mobile health (mHealth) apps emerged as the predominant type of information, garnering 27 mentions. In particular, user-centered design was identified as the most prevalent methodology, cited 22 times. The primary purpose of self-monitoring blood glucose values was mentioned 20 times, while patient education was the highest among common characteristics, with 23 mentions.
Based on our research, we advocate for developers to focus on creating an mHealth app that integrates gamification techniques to develop innovative diabetes management solutions. This app should include vital functionalities such as blood glucose monitoring, strategies to improve hemoglobin A1c levels, carbohydrate tracking, and comprehensive educational materials for patients and caregivers. By prioritizing these features, developers can enhance the usability and effectiveness of the technology, thereby better supporting children or adolescents with diabetes in their daily management endeavors.
对于家长、医护人员甚至患者来说，管理儿童和青少年的1型糖尿病都可能具有挑战性。然而，在过去几十年中，由于信息技术的进步，为糖尿病患者提供的服务质量有所提高。
本研究旨在全面记录儿童和青少年糖尿病管理中使用的信息技术工具的范围，重点是根据使用频率确定最常用的技术。此外，该研究旨在探索开发糖尿病技术的相关方法，并通过描述设计过程的关键阶段为开发者提供有价值的信息。
文献检索集中在MEDLINE（PubMed）、科学网和谷歌学术上查找相关研究。使用布尔运算符组合“1型糖尿病”、“青少年”、“儿童”、“移动健康”、“儿童”和“指导”等关键词。纳入标准为2012年至2023年期间发表的开放获取、英文论文，关注18岁以下患者且符合我们的研究目标。排除标准包括不相关主题和超过18年的论文。通过应用PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）方法，识别出2080项研究，经过筛选，研究人员最终确定了33篇论文。
定义了四个主要类别：信息技术类型、方法识别、目的识别和功能确定。其中，移动健康（mHealth）应用程序成为主要的信息类型，被提及27次。特别是，以用户为中心的设计被确定为最普遍的方法，被引用22次。自我监测血糖值的主要目的被提及20次，而患者教育在常见特征中提及次数最多，为23次。
基于我们的研究，我们主张开发者专注于创建一个集成游戏化技术的移动健康应用程序，以开发创新的糖尿病管理解决方案。该应用程序应包括血糖监测、改善糖化血红蛋白水平的策略、碳水化合物追踪以及为患者和护理人员提供的综合教育材料等重要功能。通过优先考虑这些功能，开发者可以提高技术的可用性和有效性，从而更好地支持糖尿病儿童或青少年的日常管理工作。
