Department of Microbes, Infection and Microbiomes, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Semin Immunol. 2024 May;73:101891. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2024.101891. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
The human gut microbiota is home to a diverse collection of microorganisms that has co-evolved with the host immune system in which host-microbiota interactions are essential to preserve health and homeostasis. Evidence suggests that the perturbation of this symbiotic host-microbiome relationship contributes to the onset of major diseases such as chronic inflammatory diseases including Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The host glycocalyx (repertoire of glycans/sugar-chains at the surface of gut mucosa) constitutes a major biological and physical interface between the intestinal mucosa and microorganisms, as well as with the host immune system. Glycans are an essential niche for microbiota colonization and thus an important modulator of host-microorganism interactions both in homeostasis and in disease. In this review, we discuss the role of gut mucosa glycome as an instrumental pathway that regulates host-microbiome interactions in homeostasis but also in health to inflammation transition. We also discuss the power of mucosa glycosylation remodelling as an attractive preventive and therapeutic strategy to preserve gut homeostasis.
人类肠道微生物群是一个多样化的微生物集合体，它与宿主免疫系统共同进化，宿主-微生物群相互作用对于维持健康和体内平衡至关重要。有证据表明，这种共生的宿主-微生物组关系的紊乱会导致主要疾病的发生，如慢性炎症性疾病，包括炎症性肠病。宿主糖萼（肠道黏膜表面糖链/聚糖的 repertoire）构成了肠道黏膜与微生物以及宿主免疫系统之间的主要生物学和物理界面。聚糖是微生物定植的重要生态位，因此是调节宿主-微生物相互作用的重要调节剂，无论是在体内平衡还是在疾病中。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了肠道黏膜糖组作为一种工具途径的作用，该途径调节体内平衡时的宿主-微生物组相互作用，但也调节从健康到炎症的转变。我们还讨论了黏膜糖基化重塑作为一种有吸引力的预防和治疗策略来维持肠道内平衡的潜力。
