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社会辅助机器人在改善儿童在针具侵入性治疗期间的疼痛和负性情绪方面的疗效:系统评价和荟萃分析。

The efficacy of socially assistive robots in improving children's pain and negative affectivity during needle-based invasive treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

机构信息

School of Nursing, Naval Medical University, No.800, Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.

出版信息

BMC Pediatr. 2024 Oct 10;24(1):643. doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-05116-z.

DOI:10.1186/s12887-024-05116-z
PMID:39390439
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11465713/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

The ability of socially assistive robots (SARs) to treat dementia and Alzheimer's disease has been verified. Currently, to increase the range of their application, there is an increasing amount of interest in using SARs to relieve pain and negative emotions among children in routine medical settings. However, there is little consensus regarding the use of these robots.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SARs on pain and negative affectivity among children undergoing invasive needle-based procedures.

DESIGN

This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook guidelines.

METHODS

The PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, and WanFang databases were searched from inception to January 2024 to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0 (RoB2.0) to assess the risk of bias among the included studies, and we used RevMan 5.4 software to conduct the meta-analysis. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to assess the quality of the evidence.

RESULTS

Ten RCTs involving 815 pediatric subjects were selected for this review and reported outcomes related to pain and emotions during IV placement, port needle insertion, flu vaccination, blood sampling, and dental treatment. Children undergoing needle-related procedures with SARs reported less anxiety (SMD= -0.36; 95% CI= -0.64, -0.09) and fewer distressed avoidance behaviors (SMD= -0.67; 95% CI= -1.04, -0.30) than did those receiving typical care. There were nonsignificant differences between these groups in terms of in pain (SMD = -0.02; 95% CI = - 0.81, 0.78) and fear (SMD = 0.38; 95% CI= -0.06, 0.82). The results of exploratory subgroup analyses revealed no statistically significant differences based on the intervention type of robots or anesthetic use.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of SARs is a promising intervention method for alleviating anxiety and distress among children undergoing needle-related procedures. However, additional high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to further validate these conclusions.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

The protocol of this study has been registered in the database PROSPERO (registration ID: CRD42023413279).

摘要

背景

社交辅助机器人(SARs)在治疗痴呆和阿尔茨海默病方面的能力已得到验证。目前,为了扩大其应用范围,人们越来越有兴趣在常规医疗环境中使用 SARs 来减轻儿童的疼痛和负面情绪。然而,对于这些机器人的使用,人们尚未达成共识。

目的

本研究旨在评估 SARs 对接受有创针式操作的儿童疼痛和负性情绪的影响。

设计

这是一项系统评价和荟萃分析,根据 Cochrane 手册指南进行,纳入了随机对照试验。

方法

从建库到 2024 年 1 月,我们检索了 PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、Cochrane 图书馆、Embase、CNKI 和万方数据库,以确定相关的随机对照试验(RCTs)。我们使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具 2.0(RoB2.0)评估纳入研究的偏倚风险,并使用 RevMan 5.4 软件进行荟萃分析。采用推荐、评估、发展和评估(GRADE)框架评估证据质量。

结果

本研究共纳入 10 项 RCT,涉及 815 名儿科患者,报告了与静脉置管、端口针插入、流感疫苗接种、血液采样和牙科治疗期间疼痛和情绪相关的结果。与接受常规护理的儿童相比,接受 SARs 治疗的接受针式操作的儿童报告的焦虑程度更低(SMD=-0.36;95%CI=-0.64,-0.09),逃避行为更少(SMD=-0.67;95%CI=-1.04,-0.30)。两组儿童在疼痛(SMD=-0.02;95%CI=-0.81,0.78)和恐惧(SMD=0.38;95%CI=0.06,0.82)方面无统计学差异。探索性亚组分析的结果表明,机器人干预类型或使用麻醉剂方面无统计学差异。

结论

使用 SARs 是缓解接受有创针式操作的儿童焦虑和痛苦的一种有前途的干预方法。然而,需要更多高质量的随机对照试验来进一步验证这些结论。

试验注册

本研究的方案已在 PROSPERO 数据库中注册(注册号:CRD42023413279)。

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