Nybacka Sanna, Kinnander Anton, Augustin Hanna, Bärebring Linnea
Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 459, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden.
Scandinavian Gastro Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden.
BMC Nutr. 2024 Oct 10;10(1):134. doi: 10.1186/s40795-024-00945-8.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in which the intake of food is known to exacerbate symptoms. Experiencing food related symptoms can lead to avoidance of food, and cause anxiety related to food intake. We aimed to explore perceptions of the healthiness of food, food avoidance, and food-related worry and anxiety among individuals with and without IBS.
This study was based on a survey conducted in January-February 2017. In total, 2000 participants aged 20-65 were invited by postal letter randomly obtained through the Swedish state personal address register. The questionnaire included aspects of socioeconomic position, different disorders including IBS and food intolerances, food avoidance, and food-related worry or anxiety.
In total, 538 participants were included in this study, of whom 8.4% (n = 45) reported having IBS. There were few differences regarding the perceived healthiness of foods between individuals with and without IBS. Participants with IBS avoided gluten (OR 3.45, p = 0.002), lactose (OR 5.0, p < 0.001) and alcohol (OR 2.0, p = 0.042) more frequently than individuals without IBS, and avoidance was driven by abdominal pain. Participants with IBS also reported feeling more worried and having anxiety about diet than those without IBS (p = 0.032 and p = 0.002, respectively).
This study indicates that individuals with IBS perceive most foods as equally healthy as individuals without IBS. Having IBS increases the odds of avoiding gluten, lactose, and alcohol. Worry and anxiety related to diet were more common among individuals with IBS, and these aspects need to be considered both in clinical practice and in future research.
肠易激综合征（IBS）是一种常见的胃肠道疾病，已知食物摄入会加重其症状。经历与食物相关的症状会导致对食物的回避，并引发与食物摄入相关的焦虑。我们旨在探讨患有和未患有肠易激综合征的个体对食物健康程度的认知、对食物的回避以及与食物相关的担忧和焦虑。
本研究基于2017年1月至2月进行的一项调查。通过瑞典国家个人地址登记册随机抽取，共向2000名年龄在20 - 65岁的参与者邮寄了调查问卷。问卷包括社会经济地位方面、包括肠易激综合征和食物不耐受在内的不同疾病、对食物的回避以及与食物相关的担忧或焦虑等方面。
本研究共纳入538名参与者，其中8.4%（n = 45）报告患有肠易激综合征。患有和未患有肠易激综合征的个体在对食物健康程度的认知方面差异不大。与未患肠易激综合征的个体相比，患肠易激综合征的参与者更频繁地回避麸质（比值比[OR] 3.45，p = 0.002）、乳糖（OR 5.0，p < 0.001）和酒精（OR 2.0，p = 0.042），且回避行为是由腹痛驱动的。与未患肠易激综合征的个体相比，患肠易激综合征的参与者还报告称对饮食感到更担忧且有焦虑情绪（分别为p = 0.032和p = 0.002）。
本研究表明，患有肠易激综合征的个体认为大多数食物与未患该综合征的个体一样健康。患有肠易激综合征会增加回避麸质、乳糖和酒精的几率。与饮食相关的担忧和焦虑在患有肠易激综合征的个体中更为常见，在临床实践和未来研究中都需要考虑这些方面。
