Zeller Lior, Ben David Ran, Novack Lena, Abuhasira Ran, Abu-Shakra Mahmoud, Miskin Yuval, Sagy Iftach
Rheumatology Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2024 Oct 7;16:1759720X241274032. doi: 10.1177/1759720X241274032. eCollection 2024.
The incidence of various types of vasculitis conditions over time, specifically during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is unknown.
We aimed to assess recent trends in vasculitides and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on these trends.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of Israel's largest Health Maintenance Organization, which covers over 4.7 million patients and represents 55% of the country.
We calculated the age- and sex-adjusted incidence of giant cell arteritis (GCA), Takayasu, ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), IgA vasculitis, cryoglobulinemia, and Behcet's disease (BD) during 2007-2021. We analyzed associations of COVID-19 with the incidence of each of the examined conditions.
During 2007-2021, the adjusted annual incidence decreased from 7.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.5-17.9) to 1.5 (95% CI 0.7-3.6) per 100,000 for GCA, from 5.2 (95% CI 2.7-11.1) to 1.5 (95% CI 0.7-3.3) per million for IgA vasculitis, and from 6.3 (95% CI 3.0-13.5) to 1.0 (0.5-2.5) per 100,000 for BD. The relative risks for these conditions decreased: 0.92 (95% CI 0.91-0.93), 0.93 (95% CI 0.89-0.98), and 0.90 (95% CI 0.85-0.94), respectively. The incidences of Takayasu, AAV, and cryoglobulinemia remained unchanged. The COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with changes in the incidence of any examined vasculitides.
The incidences of GCA, IgA vasculitis, and BD decreased substantially in Israel during 15 years and were unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should focus on possible environmental contributions to these findings.
不同类型血管炎疾病随时间推移的发病率，尤其是在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）期间，尚不清楚。
我们旨在评估血管炎的近期趋势以及COVID-19大流行对这些趋势的影响。
我们对以色列最大的健康维护组织进行了回顾性分析，该组织覆盖超过470万患者，占该国人口的55%。
我们计算了2007年至2021年期间巨细胞动脉炎（GCA）、大动脉炎、抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关性血管炎（AAV）、免疫球蛋白A血管炎、冷球蛋白血症和白塞病（BD）的年龄和性别调整发病率。我们分析了COVID-19与每种所检查疾病发病率之间的关联。
在2007年至2021年期间，GCA的年龄和性别调整后年发病率从每10万人7.9（95%置信区间（CI）3.5 - 17.9）降至1.5（95%CI 0.7 - 3.6），免疫球蛋白A血管炎从每百万5.2（95%CI 2.7 - 11.1）降至1.5（95%CI 0.7 - 3.3），BD从每10万人6.3（95%CI 3.0 - 13.5）降至1.0（0.5 - 2.5）。这些疾病的相对风险降低：分别为0.92（95%CI 0.91 - 0.93）、0.93（95%CI 0.89 - 0.98）和0.90（95%CI 0.85 - 0.94）。大动脉炎、AAV和冷球蛋白血症的发病率保持不变。COVID-19大流行与任何所检查血管炎的发病率变化均无关联。
在15年期间，以色列的GCA、免疫球蛋白A血管炎和BD发病率大幅下降，且未受COVID-19大流行影响。未来的研究应关注这些发现可能的环境因素。
