Díaz Patricia, Cadena Marcela, Montalván Martha Elena, Garrochamba Kleber, Calderón Paula, Carrión Gloria, Santana Sergio
School of Medicine, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador.
School of Medicine, Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
Front Nutr. 2024 Sep 26;11:1482910. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1482910. eCollection 2024.
Hypovitaminosis D may be common in tropical countries and is linked to disorders of phospho-calcium metabolism, rickets, muscle pain, immune system deficiencies, and increased susceptibility to microbial infections.
To assess the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in apparently healthy university workers in Loja, Ecuador.
A cross-sectional study was completed in a private Ecuadorian university from May 2023 to September 2023, involving 440 participants. Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire created to assess risk factors influencing vitamin D levels. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH)D concentrations were measured utilizing immunoenzymatic methods. Altered states (insufficiency or deficiency) of vitamin D were defined with serum values <30 ng/mL. Associations between vitamin D status and selected determinants were analyzed with independence tests, with significance set at < 0.05. Where possible, odds ratios (OR) were calculated using logistic regression.
The sample consisted of 60.9% faculty members and 39.1% administrative staff; 42.7% were men and 57.3% were women, with an average age of 41.9 ± 7.6 years. Only 2.7% of participants were aged 60 years or older. The mean serum 25-(OH)D concentration was 19.5 ± 6.8 ng/mL. Altered 25-(OH)D levels were found in 93.4% of participants, with 94.0% showing decreased serum 25-(OH)D concentrations and 1.6% displaying deficiency states. Hypovitaminosis D was associated with sex (OR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1.3-5.57; < 0.05) and sunscreen use (OR = 0.36; 95% IC: 0.13-0.99; < 0.05).
Hypovitaminosis D was almost universal among the apparently healthy university workers studied. The findings suggest that both sex and sunscreen use may independently or jointly contribute to hypovitaminosis D in these individuals. Further studies will be required to clarify this interplay.
维生素D缺乏症在热带国家可能很常见，并且与磷钙代谢紊乱、佝偻病、肌肉疼痛、免疫系统缺陷以及微生物感染易感性增加有关。
评估厄瓜多尔洛哈市看似健康的大学工作人员中维生素D缺乏症的患病率。
2023年5月至2023年9月在厄瓜多尔一所私立大学完成了一项横断面研究，涉及440名参与者。使用为评估影响维生素D水平的风险因素而创建的结构化问卷收集数据。采用免疫酶法测量血清25-羟基维生素D（25-OH）D浓度。维生素D状态改变（不足或缺乏）定义为血清值<30 ng/mL。通过独立性检验分析维生素D状态与选定决定因素之间的关联，显著性设定为<0.05。在可能的情况下，使用逻辑回归计算比值比（OR）。
样本包括60.9%的教职员工和39.1%的行政人员；42.7%为男性，57.3%为女性，平均年龄为41.9±7.6岁。只有2.7%的参与者年龄在60岁及以上。血清25-（OH）D平均浓度为19.5±6.8 ng/mL。93.4%的参与者25-（OH）D水平改变，其中94.0%血清25-（OH）D浓度降低，1.6%表现为缺乏状态。维生素D缺乏症与性别（OR = 2.40；95% CI：1.3 - 5.57；<0.05）和使用防晒霜（OR = 0.36；95% IC：0.13 - 0.99；<0.05）有关。
在所研究的看似健康的大学工作人员中，维生素D缺乏症几乎普遍存在。研究结果表明，性别和使用防晒霜可能单独或共同导致这些个体维生素D缺乏症。需要进一步研究来阐明这种相互作用。
