Pohjanvirta R, Huttunen T
Acta Vet Scand. 1985;26(4):563-80. doi: 10.1186/BF03546527.
A set of experiments was carried out in order to approach the complex nature of L. monocytogenes infections from different aspects. Experiment 1 showed that Listeria are able to gain admission to body by numerous ways and both subcutaneous and oral entry can lead to fatal septicemia. It also gave slight support to the theory of direct neural transmission of Listeria to the brain and indicated the possibility that intestinal absorption after oral exposition at least partly occurs via lymphatic vessels. No inflammatory reaction could be caused to mice by ocular flushing with Listeria suspension. The second trial proved that there are vast differences in the animal pathogenecity of Listeria strains — even among those of the same serotype. In experiment 3A the abolishing effect of dextran sulfate on the early resistance of mice to Listeria was confirmed and it turned out that cortisone at a therapeutic dose level did not bring about that phenomenon. Levamisole granted no conspicuous enhancement of resistance in this acute challenge; however, the results of the immunity test (3B) suggested that levamisole may be beneficial during the induction phase. On the other hand, starvation appeared to impair long-term immunity. Likewise, in experiment 4 starved mice were quite susceptible to acute challenge with Listeria. Raised ambient temperature, on the contrary, prominently increased the survival rate of the animals. Owing to the fairly small number of animals these results should be regarded as preliminary starting points to further studies.
为了从不同方面探究单核细胞增生李斯特菌感染的复杂性质,进行了一系列实验。实验1表明,李斯特菌能够通过多种途径进入机体,皮下和口服感染均可导致致命的败血症。该实验还为李斯特菌直接经神经传播至大脑的理论提供了些许支持,并表明口服暴露后肠道吸收至少部分是通过淋巴管进行的。用李斯特菌悬液冲洗小鼠眼睛不会引起炎症反应。第二项试验证明,李斯特菌菌株的动物致病性存在巨大差异,即使在同一血清型的菌株中也是如此。在实验3A中,证实了硫酸葡聚糖对小鼠早期抗李斯特菌能力的消除作用,结果表明治疗剂量水平的可的松不会导致这种现象。左旋咪唑在这种急性挑战中未显著增强抵抗力;然而,免疫试验(3B)的结果表明,左旋咪唑在诱导期可能有益。另一方面,饥饿似乎会损害长期免疫力。同样,在实验4中,饥饿的小鼠对李斯特菌急性挑战相当敏感。相反,环境温度升高显著提高了动物的存活率。由于动物数量相对较少,这些结果应被视为进一步研究的初步起点。