School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
Chronobiol Int. 2024 Oct;41(10):1328-1339. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2414047. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
The Morningness-Eveningness-Stability-Scale-improved (MESSi) assesses three components of circadian functioning: Morning Affect (time to fully awaken), Eveningness (orientation/preference for evening activity), and Distinctness (amplitude of diurnal variations in functioning). Following the original German version, translations of the MESSi (including Spanish, Turkish, and Chinese) have been validated, but validity evidence for the English-language version has been lacking. The current study tested the factor structure, internal consistency, and predicted correlations of the English-language MESSi. A sample of 600 adults from an online recruitment platform (aged 18-78, mean = 41.31, = 13.149) completed an online survey including the MESSi, reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ), Sleep Inertia Questionnaire (SIQ), and measures of personality and depressive symptoms. Exploratory factor analysis exactly reproduced the three-component structure of Morning Affect (MA), Eveningness, and Distinctness, with all items loading strongly on their respective component. Confirmatory factor analysis of this structure showed acceptable fit. The three subscales showed good internal consistency and replicated previously reported correlations with depressive symptoms, sleep inertia, sleep quality, and personality. Further factor analysis combining the items of the MESSi, rMEQ, and SIQ replicated a previously found seven-factor structure: Cognitive, Emotional, and Physiological sleep inertia (SI), Responses to SI (including one MA item); Duration of SI (one SIQ item, 3/5 MA items); Morningness-Eveningness (MESSi Eveningness items, plus 3/5 rMEQ items); Distinctness (5/5 MESSi items). In conclusion, the English-language MESSi shows sound psychometric properties, but Morning Affect may be more suitably characterised as a measure of sleep inertia duration, rather than morningness preference.
MESSi（Morningness-Eveningness-Stability-Scale-improved）评估了三个昼夜节律功能的组成部分：晨曲（完全清醒所需的时间）、黄昏（傍晚活动的取向/偏好）和清晰度（功能昼夜变化的幅度）。根据原始的德文版本，MESSi 的翻译版本（包括西班牙语、土耳其语和中文）已经过验证，但英文版的有效性证据一直缺乏。本研究测试了英文版 MESSi 的因子结构、内部一致性和预测相关性。一个来自在线招聘平台的 600 名成年人样本（年龄 18-78 岁，均值=41.31，标准差=13.149）完成了一项在线调查，其中包括 MESSi、简化版 Morningness-Eveningness 问卷（rMEQ）、睡眠惰性问卷（SIQ）以及人格和抑郁症状的测量。探索性因素分析完全再现了晨曲（MA）、黄昏和清晰度的三成分结构，所有项目都强烈地加载在各自的成分上。该结构的验证性因素分析显示出可接受的拟合度。三个分量表表现出良好的内部一致性，并复制了先前报告的与抑郁症状、睡眠惰性、睡眠质量和人格的相关性。进一步的因子分析将 MESSi、rMEQ 和 SIQ 的项目结合起来，复制了先前发现的七因子结构：认知、情绪和生理睡眠惰性（SI）、对 SI 的反应（包括一个 MA 项目）；SI 持续时间（一个 SIQ 项目，3/5 MA 项目）；昼夜节律（MESSi 黄昏项目，加上 3/5 rMEQ 项目）；清晰度（5/5 MESSi 项目）。总之，英文版 MESSi 具有良好的心理测量特性，但晨曲可能更适合作为睡眠惰性持续时间的衡量标准，而不是晨型偏好。
