Nava Andrea, Egger Reinhold
Institut für Theoretische Physik, <a href="https://ror.org/024z2rq82">Heinrich-Heine-Universität</a>, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2024 Sep 27;133(13):136302. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.136302.
We generalize the classical thermal Mpemba effect (where an initially hot system relaxes faster to the final equilibrium state than a cold one) to open quantum systems coupled to several reservoirs. We show that, in general, two different types of quantum Mpemba effects are possible. They may be distinguished by quantum state tomography. However, the existence of a quantum Mpemba effect (without determining the type) can already be established by measuring simpler observables such as currents or energies. We illustrate our general results for the experimentally feasible case of an interacting two-site Kitaev model coupled to two metallic leads.
我们将经典热姆潘巴效应（初始时热的系统比冷的系统更快弛豫到最终平衡态）推广到与多个热库耦合的开放量子系统。我们表明，一般来说，两种不同类型的量子姆潘巴效应是可能的。它们可以通过量子态层析成像来区分。然而，量子姆潘巴效应的存在（不确定其类型）已经可以通过测量诸如电流或能量等更简单的可观测量来确定。我们针对与两个金属引线耦合的相互作用两比特基塔耶夫模型这一实验上可行的情形，阐述我们的一般结果。
