吸烟与早期牙种植体失败的关系：系统评价和荟萃分析。

Smoking in relation to early dental implant failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

机构信息

Department of Stomatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.

First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100034, China.

出版信息

J Dent. 2024 Dec;151:105396. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105396. Epub 2024 Oct 9.

DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105396

PMID:39393606

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the association between smoking and early dental implant failure by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

DATA SOURCES

PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched for reports of relevant studies addressing the relationship between smoking and early dental implant failure published between database inception and June 2024.

STUDY SELECTION

Thirty-two observational clinical studies published between 1994 and 2024 were included, with a total of 59,246 implants at implant level and 14,115 patients at individual level. At implant level, a meta-analysis of 21 included cohort studies showed that smoking was associated with increased risk of early dental implant failure compared with non-smoking (odds ratio [OR], 2.59; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 2.08-3.23). Three included studies reported that smoking was associated with higher maxillary early dental implant failure risk (OR, 5.90; 95 %CI, 2.38-14.66) than that of mandible (OR, 3.76; 95 %CI, 1.19-11.87). At individual level, meta-analysis of thirty cohort studies indicated that risk of early implant failure in smokers was 100 % higher than in non-smokers (OR, 2.00; 95 %CI, 1.43-2.80). Three case-control studies found that risk of early implant failure of smokers was 59 % higher than that of non-smokers (OR, 1.59; 95 %CI, 1.28-1.97).

CONCLUSIONS

Smoking was significantly associated with early dental implant failure, particularly at the maxillary location, at both implant and individual level. These findings suggest smoking cessation is a crucial factor in reducing risk of early dental implant failure.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

There is uncertainty about the extent to which smoking influences early dental implant failure, our meta-analysis of findings emphasize smoking was significantly associated with early dental implant failure, particularly at the maxillary location.

摘要

目的

通过系统评价和荟萃分析观察性研究，评估吸烟与早期牙种植体失败的关系。

数据来源

系统检索了 PubMed、Embase、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 对照试验中心注册库中自数据库建立至 2024 年 6 月期间发表的关于吸烟与早期牙种植体失败关系的相关研究报告。

研究选择

共纳入了 1994 年至 2024 年期间发表的 32 项观察性临床研究，涉及 59246 个种植体水平和 14115 个个体水平的种植体。在种植体水平上，对 21 项纳入队列研究的荟萃分析表明，与非吸烟者相比，吸烟与早期牙种植体失败的风险增加相关（比值比[OR]，2.59；95%置信区间[CI]，2.08-3.23）。三项研究报告称，吸烟与上颌早期牙种植体失败风险较高相关（OR，5.90；95%CI，2.38-14.66），而下颌（OR，3.76；95%CI，1.19-11.87）。在个体水平上，对 30 项队列研究的荟萃分析表明，吸烟者的早期种植体失败风险比非吸烟者高 100%（OR，2.00；95%CI，1.43-2.80）。三项病例对照研究发现，吸烟者的早期种植体失败风险比非吸烟者高 59%（OR，1.59；95%CI，1.28-1.97）。