Mountjoy Margo, Verhelle Helena, Finnoff Jonathan T, Murray Andrew, Paynter Amanda, Pigozzi Fabio, Tooth Camille, Verhagen Evert, Vertommen Tine
Family Medicine, McMaster University Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
International Research Network on Violence and Integrity in Sport (IRNOVIS), University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium.
Br J Sports Med. 2024 Nov 28;58(22):1353-1359. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108210.
To assess the clinical competence of sports medicine physicians to recognise and report harassment and abuse in sports, and to identify barriers to reporting and the need for safeguarding education.
We implemented a cross-sectional cohort study design recruiting through social media and international sports medicine networks in 2023. The survey captured participant perceptions related to the harmfulness of harassment and abuse. The survey incorporated the reasoned action approach as a theoretical framework to design survey questions to identify attitudes and self-efficacy to detect and report suspicions of harassment and abuse and to identify barriers to reporting.
Sports medicine physicians (n=406) from 115 countries completed the survey. The situations of harassment and abuse presented in the survey were described by sports medicine physicians as having occurred in the 12 months before participating in the survey. Despite recognising the situations as harmful, sports medicine physicians were somewhat uncomfortable being vigilant for the signs and symptoms and reporting suspicions and disclosures of harassment and abuse (M=2.13, SD=0.67). In addition, just over one-quarter (n101, 26.9%) was unaware of where to report harassment and abuse, and over half did not know (n114, 28.1%), or were uncertain (n95, 23.4%) of who the safeguarding officer was in their sports organisation. Participants identified many barriers to reporting harassment and abuse, including concerns regarding confidentiality, misdiagnosis, fear of reprisals, time constraints and lack of knowledge. Over half felt insufficiently trained (n223, 57.6%), and most respondents (n=324, 84.6%) desired more education in the field.
Educational programmes to better recognise and report harassment and abuse in sports are needed for sports medicine trainees and practising clinicians. An international safeguarding code for sports medicine physicians should be developed.
评估运动医学医生识别和报告体育运动中骚扰与虐待行为的临床能力，并确定报告的障碍以及保障教育的需求。
我们于2023年通过社交媒体和国际运动医学网络实施了一项横断面队列研究设计。该调查收集了参与者对骚扰与虐待行为危害性的看法。调查采用合理行动理论方法作为理论框架来设计调查问题，以确定检测和报告骚扰与虐待行为嫌疑的态度和自我效能感，并确定报告的障碍。
来自115个国家的406名运动医学医生完成了调查。运动医学医生将调查中呈现的骚扰与虐待情况描述为在参与调查前12个月内发生的。尽管认识到这些情况有害，但运动医学医生在警惕相关迹象和症状以及报告骚扰与虐待行为的嫌疑和披露方面有些不自在（M=2.13，标准差=0.67）。此外，略多于四分之一（n=101，26.9%）的人不知道向何处报告骚扰与虐待行为，超过一半的人不知道（n=114，28.1%）或不确定（n=95，23.4%）其所在体育组织中的保障官员是谁。参与者指出了报告骚扰与虐待行为的许多障碍，包括对保密性的担忧、误诊、害怕报复、时间限制和知识不足。超过一半的人觉得培训不足（n=223，57.6%），大多数受访者（n=324，84.6%）希望在该领域接受更多教育。
运动医学实习生和执业临床医生需要接受教育项目，以更好地识别和报告体育运动中的骚扰与虐待行为。应为运动医学医生制定一项国际保障准则。
