Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2024 Oct 11;113(4):52. doi: 10.1007/s00128-024-03940-8.
This paper aimed to evaluate the ecological and health risks for some potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) in agricultural soils irrigated with sewage wastewater for more than 50 years. Therefore, soil and plant samples were collected from 21 sites at sewage wastewater irrigated area and these samples were analyzed for their contents of PTEs i.e. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb. The risks of PTEs pollution in the study area were analyzed using indices such as the individual and comprehensive potential ecological risk indices (E and RI, respectively), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk (CR) model. The results showed that the PTEs in soil samples ranged from 1.70 to 9.90 mg/kg for Cd, from 39.9 to 183.4 mg/kg for Cr, from 31.5 to 655.1 mg/kg for Cu, from 18.8 to 113.1 mg/kg for Ni and from 5.4 to 65.4 mg/kg for Pb. The results also demonstrated that the soil samples were characterized by high to very high ecological risk for Cd. According to the health risk assessment, the mean HQ and HI of the PTEs in soil for adults and children were below the risk threshold of 1, indicating no risk for non-carcinogenic health effects. However, the HI of PTEs via plant consumption was > 1, suggesting a non-carcinogenic health risk. The CR for most plant samples was above the acceptable range. These findings may offer helpful information regarding the ecological and human risks related to PTEs exposure in soil and plants irrigated with wastewater under arid conditions.
本研究旨在评估农业土壤在长期污水灌溉条件下某些潜在有毒痕量元素（PTEs）的生态和健康风险。因此，在污水灌溉区采集了 21 个地点的土壤和植物样本，并对这些样本中的 PTEs （即 Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni 和 Pb）含量进行了分析。采用单个和综合潜在生态风险指数（E 和 RI）、危害系数（HQ）、危害指数（HI）和致癌风险（CR）模型等指标对研究区 PTEs 污染风险进行了分析。结果表明，土壤样本中 PTEs 的含量范围为 Cd：1.70-9.90mg/kg、Cr：39.9-183.4mg/kg、Cu：31.5-655.1mg/kg、Ni：18.8-113.1mg/kg 和 Pb：5.4-65.4mg/kg。结果还表明，土壤样本具有高至极高的 Cd 生态风险。根据健康风险评估，成人和儿童土壤中 PTEs 的平均 HQ 和 HI 均低于 1 的风险阈值，表明不存在非致癌健康影响的风险。然而，通过植物摄入的 PTEs 的 HI>1，表明存在非致癌健康风险。大多数植物样本的 CR 均高于可接受范围。这些发现可能为在干旱条件下污水灌溉土壤和植物中 PTEs 暴露的生态和人类风险提供有价值的信息。
