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基于服务型领导理论的培训方案对护士职业倦怠影响的研究

[Research on the effect of training program based on service-oriented leadership theory on nurses' job burnout].

作者信息

Du Y X, Li K W

机构信息

Outpatient Department of Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin Hospital International Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Tianjin 300211, China.

出版信息

Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2024 Sep 20;42(9):684-688. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240111-00011.

Abstract

To explore the effect of training program based on service-oriented leadership theory on alleviating the degree of job burnout of clinical nurses, and provide reference for improving the situation of job burnout of nurses. From January to December 2023, 10 head nurses of a Grade A general hospital were selected by random number table method for training, and 5 nurses were selected from the department of each head nurse by random number table method, a total of 50 nurses were selected as research objects. Through the training program based on the service-oriented leadership theory, the selected head nurses were trained on the service-oriented leadership theory, job burnout and burnout mitigation methods and passed the examination. The training period was 2 months. The general data of 50 nurses were collected, and the job burnout of nurses was investigated by using the Maslach Burnout Inventory before and 6 months after the training of head nurses, and the changes of scores of each dimension were compared by paired -test. The nurses were (30.4±5.5) years old and their working life was (8.1±6.1) years. The total detection rate of job burnout before training was 100% (50/50), the detection rate of moderate to severe emotional exhaustion was 60% (30/50), and the detection rate after training was 36% (18/50). The detection rate of moderate to severe depersonalization was 72% (36/50) and 40% (20/50) after training. The detection rate of moderate to severe lack of job accomplishment was 86% (43/50) and 54% (27/50) after training. After 6 months of head nurses training, the scores of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization of nurses were significantly lower than those before training, while the scores of personal achievement were significantly higher than those before training, with statistical significances (<0.05) . The training program based on service-oriented leadership theory can scientifically prevent and alleviate nurses' job burnout after receiving training of administrators, which is helpful to improve the current situation of nurses' job burnout and reduce the degree of nurses' job burnout, and can play a positive role in promoting nurses' physical and mental health.

摘要

探讨基于服务型领导理论的培训方案对缓解临床护士职业倦怠程度的影响,为改善护士职业倦怠状况提供参考。2023年1月至12月,采用随机数字表法选取某三甲综合医院10名护士长进行培训,再从每位护士长所在科室采用随机数字表法选取5名护士,共选取50名护士作为研究对象。通过基于服务型领导理论的培训方案,对选取的护士长进行服务型领导理论、职业倦怠及倦怠缓解方法的培训并考核合格。培训周期为2个月。收集50名护士的一般资料,在护士长培训前及培训6个月后采用马氏职业倦怠量表调查护士的职业倦怠情况,采用配对t检验比较各维度得分变化。护士年龄为(30.4±5.5)岁,护龄为(8.1±6.1)年。培训前职业倦怠总检出率为100%(50/50),中度至重度情感耗竭检出率为60%(30/50),培训后为36%(18/50)。中度至重度去人格化检出率培训前为72%(36/50),培训后为40%(20/50)。中度至重度工作成就感低落检出率培训前为86%(43/50),培训后为54%(27/50)。护士长培训6个月后,护士的情感耗竭和去人格化得分显著低于培训前,而个人成就感得分显著高于培训前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。基于服务型领导理论的培训方案能在管理者接受培训后科学预防和缓解护士职业倦怠,有助于改善护士职业倦怠现状,降低护士职业倦怠程度,对促进护士身心健康能起到积极作用。

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