Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66073-005, Brazil.
Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66073-005, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Belém, PA 66613-903, Brazil.
Arch Oral Biol. 2025 Jan;169:106097. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106097. Epub 2024 Oct 5.
We sought to investigate the plasticity of diet-induced changes in astrocyte morphology of stratum lacunosum-moleculare (SLM) in CA1.
Three diet regimes were adopted in 15 mice, from the 21st postnatal day to 6 months. The first diet regimen was pellet feed, called Hard Diet (HD). The second, with reduced masticatory, received a pellet-diet followed by a powdered-diet, and it was identified as Hard Diet/Soft Diet (HD/SD). Finally, the group with rehabilitated masticatory was named Hard Diet/Soft Diet/Hard Diet (HD/SD/HD). In the end, euthanasia and brain histological processing were performed, in which astrocytic immunoreactivity to glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein (GFAP) was tested. In reconstructed astrocytes, morphometric analysis was performed.
Astrocyte morphometric revealed that changes in masticatory regimens impact astrocyte morphology. In the dorsal CA1, switching from a hard diet to a soft diet led to reductions in most variables, whereas in the ventral, fewer variables were affected, highlighting regional differences in astrocyte responses. Cluster analysis further showed that diet-induced changes in astrocyte morphology were reversible in the dorsal region, but not in the ventral region, indicating a persistent impact on astrocyte diversity and complexity in the ventral even after rehabilitation. Correlation tests between astrocyte morphology and behavioral performance demonstrated disrupted relationships under masticatory stress, with effects persisting after rehabilitation.
Changes in the diet result in significant alterations in astrocyte morphology, suggesting a direct link between dietary modulation and cellular structure. Morphometric analyses revealed distinct alterations in astrocyte morphology in response to changes in the masticatory regimen, with both dorsal/ventral regions displaying notable changes. Moreover, the regional differential effects on astrocytes underscore the complexity of mastication on neuroplasticity and cognitive function.
我们旨在研究 CA1 区腔隙分子层（SLM）星形胶质细胞形态的饮食诱导变化的可塑性。
15 只小鼠采用三种饮食方案，从出生后第 21 天到 6 个月。第一种饮食方案是颗粒饲料，称为硬食（HD）。第二种，咀嚼能力降低，接受颗粒饲料后再接受粉末饲料，称为硬食/软食（HD/SD）。最后，咀嚼能力恢复的组命名为硬食/软食/硬食（HD/SD/HD）。最后，进行安乐死和脑组织处理，测试星形胶质细胞对胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的免疫反应性。在重建的星形胶质细胞中，进行形态计量分析。
星形胶质细胞形态计量学显示，咀嚼方案的变化会影响星形胶质细胞的形态。在 CA1 背侧，从硬食切换到软食会导致大多数变量减少，而在腹侧，受影响的变量较少，突出了星形胶质细胞反应的区域差异。聚类分析进一步表明，在背侧，饮食诱导的星形胶质细胞形态变化是可逆的，但在腹侧则不然，表明即使在咀嚼康复后，腹侧的星形胶质细胞多样性和复杂性仍会持续受到影响。星形胶质细胞形态与行为表现之间的相关测试表明，在咀嚼压力下，两者之间的关系被打乱，并且在咀嚼康复后仍会持续存在。
饮食的变化导致星形胶质细胞形态发生显著变化，提示饮食调节与细胞结构之间存在直接联系。形态计量分析显示，在咀嚼方案变化的情况下，星形胶质细胞形态发生了明显的变化，背侧/腹侧区域都发生了明显的变化。此外，对星形胶质细胞的区域差异影响突出了咀嚼对神经可塑性和认知功能的复杂性。
