Dubey Itishree, K Nandheeswari, G Vigneshwaran, Rohilla Gourav, Naxine Pratik, P Jayapradha, Rachamalla Mahesh, Kushwaha Sapana
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, India.
Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
Reprod Toxicol. 2024 Dec;130:108732. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108732. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
The gut system, commonly referred to as one of the principal organs of the human "superorganism," is a home to trillions of bacteria and serves an essential physiological function in male reproductive failures or infertility. The interaction of the endocrine-immune system and the microbiome facilitates reproduction as a multi-network system. Some recent studies that link gut microbiota to male infertility are questionable. Is the gut-testis axis (GTA) real, and does it affect male infertility? As a result, this review emphasizes the interconnected links between gut health and male reproductive function via changes in gut microbiota. However, a variety of harmful (endocrine disruptors, heavy metals, pollutants, and antibiotics) and favorable (a healthy diet, supplements, and phytoconstituents) elements promote microbiota by causing dysbiosis and symbiosis, respectively, which eventually modify the activities of male reproductive organs and their hormones. The findings of preclinical and clinical studies on the direct and indirect effects of microbiota changes on testicular functions have revealed a viable strategy for exploring the GTA-axis. Although the GTA axis is poorly understood, it may have potential ties to reproductive issues that can be used for therapeutic purposes in the future.
肠道系统通常被认为是人类“超级生物体”的主要器官之一，是数万亿细菌的家园，在男性生殖功能障碍或不育症中发挥着重要的生理作用。内分泌免疫系统与微生物群的相互作用促进了生殖，使其成为一个多网络系统。最近一些将肠道微生物群与男性不育联系起来的研究值得怀疑。肠道-睾丸轴（GTA）是真实存在的吗？它会影响男性不育吗？因此，本综述强调了通过肠道微生物群的变化，肠道健康与男性生殖功能之间的相互联系。然而，各种有害（内分泌干扰物、重金属、污染物和抗生素）和有益（健康饮食、补充剂和植物成分）因素分别通过导致生态失调和共生来促进微生物群，最终改变男性生殖器官及其激素的活性。关于微生物群变化对睾丸功能的直接和间接影响的临床前和临床研究结果揭示了探索GTA轴的可行策略。尽管对GTA轴了解甚少，但它可能与生殖问题存在潜在联系，未来可用于治疗目的。
