Luo Bella Weijia, Sun Ivy Guofang, Chan Sophia Siu Chee, Chu Chun Hung
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Int Dent J. 2025 Feb;75(1):23-31. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.08.013. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
This study aimed to systematically review the relationship between secondary smoking and early childhood caries (ECC) among preschool children.
Two independent reviewers systematically searched English publications with keywords in PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and Embase to identify publications reporting on secondary smoking and ECC for children under 71 months. Observational studies, including cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional surveys, were included. The reviewers screened the titles and abstracts to remove duplicate records, reviews, and irrelevant studies. They performed meta-analyses to investigate the prevalence of ECC in children exposed to secondary smoking.
This study identified 1243 publications and included 16 publications. Twelve publications were cross-sectional studies. A meta-analysis of 11 of them revealed that children with secondary smoking exposure had an odds ratio of 1.77 in caries risk (P < .001), whereas one cross-sectional study found no increase in caries risk without data reporting. Two cohort studies with low and very low quality were combined into a meta-analysis, which found children from infancy with secondary smoking exposure had a relative risk of 1.45 in caries incidence (P < .001). Two case-control studies with moderate and low quality were combined into a meta-analysis, which found that children exposed to secondary smoking had an odds ratio of 4.46 in caries prevalence (P < .001).
The literature has reported that preschool children with secondary smoking exposure have a higher risk of caries; however, the number and quality of these studies are limited.
本研究旨在系统评价学龄前儿童二手烟暴露与幼儿龋齿（ECC）之间的关系。
两名独立的评审员在PubMed、Web of Science、Medline、Scopus和Embase中使用关键词系统检索英文出版物，以识别报告71个月以下儿童二手烟暴露与ECC的出版物。纳入观察性研究，包括队列研究、病例对照研究和横断面调查。评审员筛选标题和摘要以去除重复记录、综述和无关研究。他们进行荟萃分析以调查二手烟暴露儿童中ECC的患病率。
本研究共识别出1243篇出版物，纳入16篇。其中12篇为横断面研究。对其中11篇进行的荟萃分析显示，暴露于二手烟的儿童患龋齿风险的优势比为1.77（P <.001），而一项横断面研究未发现龋齿风险增加且无数据报告。两项质量低和极低的队列研究合并进行荟萃分析，发现婴儿期暴露于二手烟的儿童龋齿发病率的相对风险为1.45（P <.001）。两项质量中等和低的病例对照研究合并进行荟萃分析，发现暴露于二手烟的儿童龋齿患病率的优势比为4.46（P <.001）。
文献报道，暴露于二手烟的学龄前儿童患龋齿的风险较高；然而，这些研究的数量和质量有限。
