Kim Ji Young, Kim Sung Reul, Park Yusun, Ko Jin Kyeong, Ra Eunmi
College of Nursing, Jeonbuk Research Institute of Nursing Science, Jeonbuk National University, Republic of Korea.
College of Nursing, Korea University, Republic of Korea.
Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2024 Dec;18(5):443-451. doi: 10.1016/j.anr.2024.10.001. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
To reduce falls in hospitalized patients with mental disorders, the patients should be sensitive to fall risk perception. This study identified the sensitivity to fall risk perceptions and associated factors, including demographic, clinical, and fall-related factors, among inpatients with mental disorders.
We used a descriptive, cross-sectional design, recruiting 170 inpatients with mental disorders from two psychiatric hospitals in South Korea. Sensitivity to fall risk perception was classified using fall occurrence and the Fall Risk Perception Questionnaire.
The prevalence of falls was 16.5%. Approximately 47% of falls occurred within 10 days of hospitalization, 67.9% within 1 month, and 85.7% within 2 months. Among the 28 participants who fell, 60.7% had inadequate low sensitivity to fall risk perception. Among the 142 participants who did not fall, 11.3% had inadequate high sensitivity to fall risk perception. A low sensitivity to fall risk perception was related to diagnosis, psychiatric symptoms, and fall history due to the mental disorder. A high sensitivity to fall risk perception was related to age at the onset of the mental disorder, urinary or bowel problems, and fear of falling. The multiple logistic regression analysis found that the diagnosis and fall history due to the mental disorder were associated with inadequate low sensitivity, and age at the onset and fear of falling were associated with inadequate high sensitivity to fall risk perception.
Over 60% of patients who fell had low sensitivity to fall risk perception. Inadequate low and high sensitivity to fall risk perception are related to the demographic, clinical, and fall-related characteristics among inpatients with mental disorders. Therefore, nurses should assess fall risk perception, consider these factors together during this assessment, and manage them appropriately in hospitalized patients with mental disorders.
为减少精神障碍住院患者的跌倒情况，患者应提高对跌倒风险感知的敏感度。本研究确定了精神障碍住院患者对跌倒风险感知的敏感度及相关因素，包括人口统计学因素、临床因素和跌倒相关因素。
我们采用描述性横断面设计，从韩国两家精神病院招募了170名精神障碍住院患者。根据跌倒发生情况和跌倒风险感知问卷对跌倒风险感知的敏感度进行分类。
跌倒发生率为16.5%。约47%的跌倒发生在住院10天内，67.9%发生在1个月内，85.7%发生在2个月内。在28名跌倒的参与者中，60.7%对跌倒风险感知的敏感度较低。在142名未跌倒的参与者中，11.3%对跌倒风险感知的敏感度较高。对跌倒风险感知的低敏感度与诊断、精神症状以及精神障碍导致的跌倒史有关。对跌倒风险感知的高敏感度与精神障碍发病年龄、泌尿或肠道问题以及跌倒恐惧有关。多元逻辑回归分析发现，精神障碍的诊断和跌倒史与对跌倒风险感知的低敏感度不足有关，发病年龄和跌倒恐惧与对跌倒风险感知的高敏感度不足有关。
超过60%的跌倒患者对跌倒风险感知的敏感度较低。对跌倒风险感知的低敏感度和高敏感度不足与精神障碍住院患者的人口统计学、临床和跌倒相关特征有关。因此，护士应评估跌倒风险感知，在评估过程中综合考虑这些因素，并对精神障碍住院患者进行适当管理。
