Park Sunmin, Kim Da Sol, Kang Suna
Korea Dept. of Bioconvergence, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea; Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024 Dec;64:358-369. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.004. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
Carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages (CSSB) intake has been increasingly linked to metabolic diseases. To investigate the association between CSSB intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk, and the interaction between genetic predisposition to CSSB intake and dietary patterns.
We examined a hospital-based cohort of 57,940 participants, categorized into low-CSSB (n = 52,848) and high-CSSB (n = 5092) groups based on a 50 ml daily consumption cutoff. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with CSSB intake, and SNP-SNP/SNP-environment interactions were explored. Using XGBoost and deep neural network (DNN) approaches, we developed prediction models for CSSB intake.
The low- and high-CSSB groups daily consumed an average of 0.56 and 8.91 g sugar from the soda, respectively. The high-CSSB group had unhealthy dietary habits and a lower intake of carotenoids, folate, vitamins C and D, calcium, flavonoids, and phenols than the low-CSSB group, consistent with the results of the prediction models. A polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 6 selected SNPs, linked to genes involved in obesity, diabetes, and nervous system disorders, showed the strongest association with CSSB intake and insulin resistance. Notably, carbohydrate, fat, and Western-style diet (WSD) intake interacted with the PRS, with lower carbohydrate and higher fat and WSD intakes associated with a stronger PRS-sugar intake relationship. The prediction models by XGboost and DNN mainly included dietary factors to explain CSSB intake.
A significant interplay between genetic predisposition and poor dietary habits, particularly increased CSSB intake associated with WSD, contributed to MetS risk. It suggested that personalized dietary interventions based on genetic profiles could mitigate MetS risk, especially in populations transitioning to Westernized diets.
碳酸含糖饮料（CSSB）的摄入与代谢性疾病的关联日益密切。本研究旨在调查CSSB摄入与代谢综合征（MetS）风险之间的关联，以及CSSB摄入的遗传易感性与饮食模式之间的相互作用。
我们对一个基于医院的队列中的57940名参与者进行了研究，根据每日50毫升的摄入量临界值，将其分为低CSSB组（n = 52848）和高CSSB组（n = 5092）。通过全基因组关联研究（GWAS）确定了与CSSB摄入相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNP），并探讨了SNP-SNP/SNP-环境相互作用。我们使用XGBoost和深度神经网络（DNN）方法，建立了CSSB摄入的预测模型。
低CSSB组和高CSSB组每天分别从汽水饮料中平均摄入0.56克和8.91克糖。高CSSB组的饮食习惯不健康，与低CSSB组相比，其类胡萝卜素、叶酸、维生素C和D、钙、黄酮类化合物和酚类的摄入量较低，这与预测模型的结果一致。基于6个选定SNP的多基因风险评分（PRS），这些SNP与肥胖、糖尿病和神经系统疾病相关基因有关，显示出与CSSB摄入和胰岛素抵抗的最强关联。值得注意的是，碳水化合物、脂肪和西式饮食（WSD）的摄入与PRS相互作用，碳水化合物摄入量较低、脂肪和WSD摄入量较高与更强的PRS-糖摄入量关系相关。XGboost和DNN的预测模型主要包括饮食因素来解释CSSB的摄入。
遗传易感性与不良饮食习惯之间存在显著的相互作用，特别是与WSD相关的CSSB摄入量增加，会导致MetS风险。这表明基于基因谱的个性化饮食干预可以降低MetS风险，特别是在向西方化饮食转变的人群中。
