Analysis of relevant influencing factors for recurrent urinary tract infections in children: exploring predictive factors and intervention measures.

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the factors influencing recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children and explore predictive factors and intervention measures.

METHODS

Data of 158 children with UTIs treated at the Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 2020 to June 2023 were analyzed. Among them, 122 children without recurrent UTIs were included in a non-recurrent group, while the remaining 36 were included in a recurrent group. The quality of life prior to treatment and six weeks after treatment, the immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels after treatment, the relationship between the quality of life after six weeks of treatment and the levels of IgA and IgG were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors impacting the recurrence of UTIs, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to predict recurrent UTIs based on independent risk factors.

RESULTS

Before treatment, no notable difference was observed in Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) scores between the non-recurrent group and the recurrent group (P>0.05). After treatment, the SF-36 scores notably increased in the non-recurrent group (P<0.0001), while there was no notable increase in the recurrent group (P>0.05). However, the difference in SF-36 scores after treatment was significant between the two groups (P<0.0001). In addition, there was a significantly positive correlation between IgA levels and quality of life after 6 weeks of treatment (P<0.05). The recurrent group showed significantly lower IgA and IgG levels than the non-recurrent group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified anemia, urinary system malformation, constipation, decreased IgA level, and decreased IgG level as independent risk factors for recurrent UTIs in children. ROC curves-based analysis of independent risk factors demonstrated that urinary system malformation had a better performance in predicting recurrent UTIs in children than the other four factors.

CONCLUSION

Urinary system malformation, constipation, anemia, decreased IgA and IgG levels are all identified as independent risk factors for recurrent UTIs in children, and urinary system malformation is a better predictor for recurrent UTIs in children than the other four factors.