Application of transperineal pelvic floor ultrasound in postpartum pelvic organ injury and prolapse in women.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate SUI (stress urinary incontinence) and POP (pelvic organ prolapse) in women after childbirth by transperineal ultrasonography.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, 107 six-week postpartum primiparous mothers and 42 healthy nulliparous women were selected during the period from January 2021 to March 2023, in Pudong New Area People's Hospital. Among the postpartum mothers, 54 delivered vaginally and 53 underwent cesarean section. Various parameters such as bladder detrusor muscle thickness, urethrovesical angle, bladder neck mobility, puborectalis muscle hiatus area, and puborectalis muscle hiatus circumference were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS

During pregnancy and childbirth, several parameters underwent significant increases, including bladder detrusor muscle thickness, urethrovesical angle, bladder neck mobility, puborectalis muscle hiatus area, and puborectalis muscle hiatus circumference. Furthermore, vaginal delivery led to a notably more pronounced elevation in these indicators compared to other delivery methods (all P<0.05). Our findings revealed that the risk of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) escalated with an increasing number of pregnancies (P<0.05). Moreover, obese pregnant women, defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m or higher, exhibited a heightened risk of developing POP.

CONCLUSIONS

Perineal ultrasound provides reliable imaging evidence, treatment theory basis, and evaluation value for women with pelvic floor dysfunction after childbirth.