Meng Qingpeng, Zhou Danna, Zhao Xixi, Wang Jing, Yin Li, Liang Sixiang, Ji Xiao
The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, School of Mental Health, Beijing, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Sep 27;15:1430194. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1430194. eCollection 2024.
The clinical management of catatonia has always been a focus of psychiatric nursing. Unfortunately, there is still limited research on the risk factors and nursing methods for patients with catatonia and bacterial pneumonia. Few studies have identified and analyzed the clinical risk factors for catatonia patients with bacterial pneumonia. This study aims to explore the risk factors and preventive nursing measures for pneumonia in patients with catatonia.
A total of 88 patients with catatonia treated in the emergency department of a psychiatric hospital from January 2019 to October 2021 were selected. They were divided into bacterial pneumonia group (n=17) and non-pneumonia group (n=71) based on whether they had pneumonia. The demographic data and clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis and point-biserial correlation were used to analyze the risk factors for developing pneumonia in patients with catatonia.
The incidence of pneumonia in patients with catatonia was 19.32%. Correlation analysis showed that age (r=0.216, p=0.043), The Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) score (r=0.265, p=0.013), cell count of white blood (r=0.591, p<0.001), neutrophil count (r=0.599, p<0.001), percentage of neutrophils (r=0.311, p=0.003), C-reactive protein (r=0.558, p<0.001), bedridden days (r=0.470, p<0.001), and albumin level (r=-0.288, p=0.007) were significantly associated with pneumonia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, bedridden days, family support, and nutritional status were risk factors for pneumonia in patients with catatonia.
Reducing smoking and bedridden days, improving nutrition, and providing timely preventive nursing care by family members can reduce the occurrence of pneumonia in patients with catatonia.
紧张症的临床管理一直是精神科护理的重点。遗憾的是，关于紧张症合并细菌性肺炎患者的危险因素及护理方法的研究仍然有限。很少有研究对紧张症合并细菌性肺炎患者的临床危险因素进行识别和分析。本研究旨在探讨紧张症患者发生肺炎的危险因素及预防性护理措施。
选取2019年1月至2021年10月在某精神科医院急诊科接受治疗的88例紧张症患者。根据是否患有肺炎将其分为细菌性肺炎组（n = 17）和非肺炎组（n = 71）。比较两组的人口学数据和临床特征。采用Logistic回归分析和点二列相关分析紧张症患者发生肺炎的危险因素。
紧张症患者肺炎发生率为19.32%。相关性分析显示，年龄（r = 0.216，p = 0.043）、日常生活活动量表（ADL）评分（r = 0.265，p = 0.013）、白细胞计数（r = 0.591，p < 0.001）、中性粒细胞计数（r = 0.599，p < 0.001）、中性粒细胞百分比（r = 0.311，p = 0.003）、C反应蛋白（r = 0.558，p < 0.001）、卧床天数（r = 0.470，p < 0.001）和白蛋白水平（r = -0.288，p = 0.007）与肺炎显著相关。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，吸烟、卧床天数、家庭支持和营养状况是紧张症患者发生肺炎的危险因素。
减少吸烟和卧床天数、改善营养状况以及家庭成员及时提供预防性护理可降低紧张症患者肺炎的发生。
