Clinic for Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany,
Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Avian Dis. 2024 Sep;68(3):263-271. doi: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00075.
A case of increased mortality was investigated at a German farm housing Japanese quails () for egg production. Different age groups were kept in aviaries in one barn. The quail chicks had diarrhea and the adults were emaciated, some also with diarrhea and conjunctivitis. Postmortem examination showed gross tumorlike lesions in 7 of 15 adult quails examined, with ocular lesions in 2 of them. On histopathological examination, infiltrates of monomorphic round cells were found in liver, spleen, lung, and proventriculus. In the eyes of two quails, similar cells were infiltrating the choroid layer, limbus, and adjacent parts of the cornea. Malignant lymphoma was diagnosed. Immunohistochemical examination identified tumor cells as T cells, and -specific PCR was positive for five quails with gross lesions. Additionally, and were detected in the chicks and spp. and coccidia in the adults. Marek's EcoQ protein (Meq) gene from was sequenced and analyzed, confirming Marek's disease. The results of our examinations demonstrate that the ocular lesions were caused by Marek's disease and that the gene from was detected in the flock of quails. As a control strategy for Marek's disease in quails, an all-in/all-out system was introduced. Additional laying quails acquired from a breeder at 35 days of life were vaccinated at stabling with a combined turkey herpesvirus (HVT)-Rispens vaccine and 14 days later with a Rispens vaccine. Subsequently, the losses and laying rates returned to normal.
对一家饲养用于产蛋的日本鹌鹑（）的德国农场的高死亡率病例进行了调查。不同年龄组的鹌鹑被关在一个畜棚的鸟舍里。鹌鹑雏鸡腹泻，成鸟消瘦，有些还伴有腹泻和结膜炎。剖检显示，在检查的 15 只成年鹌鹑中有 7 只出现大肿瘤样病变，其中 2 只有眼部病变。组织病理学检查发现，肝、脾、肺和前胃中有浸润的单形圆形细胞。在两只鹌鹑的眼睛中，类似的细胞浸润脉络膜层、角膜缘和角膜的邻近部位。诊断为恶性淋巴瘤。免疫组织化学检查鉴定肿瘤细胞为 T 细胞，5 只具有大病变的鹌鹑的 -特异性 PCR 呈阳性。此外，在雏鸡中检测到和 spp.，在成鸟中检测到球虫。从 中测序并分析了 Marek 的 EcoQ 蛋白（Meq）基因，证实了马立克氏病。我们的检查结果表明，眼部病变是由马立克氏病引起的，并且在鹌鹑群中检测到了 基因。作为鹌鹑马立克氏病的控制策略，引入了全进全出系统。从饲养者那里以 35 日龄获得的额外产蛋鹌鹑在入栏时用组合火鸡疱疹病毒（HVT）-Rispens 疫苗接种，14 天后再用 Rispens 疫苗接种。随后，损失和产蛋率恢复正常。
