Synergetic effects of tetracycline hydrochloride incorporated regenerated cellulose acetate - Bacterial cellulose hybrid nanocomposite: Potential in biomedical application.

Litter from cigarette waste is a significant threat to organisms and ecosystems. However, this waste contains cellulose acetate (CA) that can be recycled into raw materials. In this study, recycled CA from cigarettes (CFCA) electrospun through electro-spinning technique and developed hybrid nanocomposite by incorporating CFCA in the fermentation media, followed by self-assembly of bacterial cellulose (BC). CFCA exhibit excessive hydrophobicity due to their high crystallinity and reorientation of hydrophobic groups. We aimed to improve the hydrophilic, thermal and mechanical properties of CFCA. We examined fiber morphology using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), swelling capacity and mechanical properties. BC/CFCA showed higher swelling capacity, improved thermal properties, and good tensile strength compared to CFCA. Additionally, tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) was loaded into developed BC/CFCA matrix and evaluated in-vitro drug release, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. In-vitro drug release results showed that developed BC/CFCA can able to control TC release. In addition, prepared BC/CFCA-TC composites demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. More importantly, BC/CFCA-TC composites exhibit good cytotoxicity on mouse fibroblast cells (L929). These characteristics of BC/CFCA-TC membranes indicate they may successfully serve as wound dressings and other medical biomaterials.