Shah Megh K, Zhu Aretha, Uppuluri Aditya, Henry Roger K, Zarbin Marco A, Bhagat Neelakshi
Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
Eye (Lond). 2025 Jan;39(1):125-132. doi: 10.1038/s41433-024-03390-w. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify demographic variables and systemic comorbidities that may increase risk of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) development in patients with infective endocarditis (IE).
SUBJECTS/METHODS: A retrospective database study was conducted using the 2002-2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Patients with IE and EE were identified using ICD-9-CM codes. Descriptive chi-square and logistic regression analysis identified risk factors for EE in IE patients.
Of 769,472 inpatients with a diagnosis of IE, 2248 had a diagnosis of EE. Women comprised 39.7% of IE patients without EE and 42.6% of those with EE (p = 0.005). The majority of IE cases with EE were in those 21-64-year-old (58.5%) age cohort and 67.4% of cases were Whites. Multivariate analysis revealed IE patients in the 21-64 (OR, 3.660) and 65+ age group (OR, 2.852) had increased risk of developing EE compared to the 0-20-year-old group. Hispanic (OR, 1.377) and Asian/Pacific Islander (OR, 1.620) patients had increased risk compared to White patients. Diabetes with (OR, 2.043) and without (OR, 1.433) chronic complications, alcohol use disorder (AUD; OR, 1.795), and cirrhosis (OR, 1.452) conferred an increased risk of developing EE, whereas, congestive heart failure (CHF; OR, 0.716), arrhythmia (OR, 0.678), and having a cardiac device (OR, 0.336) decreased risk of EE in IE subjects.
Older age (21+ years) and Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander background were associated with increased risk of developing EE in IE patients. Diabetes with and without chronic complications, AUD, or cirrhosis also conferred a 1.5-2 times increased risk. CHF, arrhythmia, or having a cardiac device were associated with decreased risk.
背景/目的：本研究旨在确定可能增加感染性心内膜炎（IE）患者发生内源性眼内炎（EE）风险的人口统计学变量和全身合并症。
受试者/方法：使用2002 - 2014年国家住院患者样本（NIS）进行回顾性数据库研究。通过国际疾病分类第九版临床修订本（ICD - 9 - CM）编码识别患有IE和EE的患者。描述性卡方检验和逻辑回归分析确定IE患者发生EE的危险因素。
在769472例诊断为IE的住院患者中，2248例诊断为EE。女性在未发生EE的IE患者中占39.7%，在发生EE的患者中占42.6%（p = 0.005）。大多数发生EE的IE病例在21 - 64岁年龄组（58.5%），67.4%的病例为白人。多变量分析显示，与0 - 20岁年龄组相比，21 - 64岁（比值比[OR]，3.660）和65岁及以上（OR，2.852）的IE患者发生EE的风险增加。与白人患者相比，西班牙裔（OR，1.377）和亚太岛民（OR，1.620）患者发生EE的风险增加。伴有（OR，2.043）和不伴有（OR，1.433）慢性并发症的糖尿病、酒精使用障碍（AUD；OR，1.795）和肝硬化（OR，1.452）会增加发生EE的风险，而充血性心力衰竭（CHF；OR，0.716）、心律失常（OR，0.678）和植入心脏装置（OR，0.336）会降低IE患者发生EE的风险。
年龄较大（21岁及以上）以及西班牙裔和亚太岛民背景与IE患者发生EE的风险增加相关。伴有和不伴有慢性并发症的糖尿病、AUD或肝硬化也会使风险增加1.5至2倍。CHF、心律失常或植入心脏装置与风险降低相关。
