Li Wenjie, He Fei, Liu Hang, Jiang Yuncong, Mu Yuwen, Wang Chen, Zhou Xin, Jiang Siyi, Xu Lingfeng, Wang Linyan, He Xiaodong, Li Mingwei
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
Department of materials engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China.
Small. 2024 Dec;20(51):e2406188. doi: 10.1002/smll.202406188. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
1D flexible fibers assembled 3D porous networked ceramic fiber aerogels (CFAs) are developed to overcome the brittleness of traditional ceramic particle aerogels. However, existing CFAs with disordered and quasi-ordered structures fail to balance the relationship between flexibility, robustness, and thermal insulation. Creating novel architectural CFAs with an excellent combination of performances has proven extremely challenging. In this paper, a novel strategy is adopted to fabricate porous mullite fibrous aerogels (MFAs) with ordered structures by combining fiber sedimentation and electric field-induced fiber alignment techniques. For the first time, electric field-induced alignment of ceramic fibers is utilized to prepare bulk aerogels on a large scale. The resulting MFAs exhibit ultra-low high-temperature thermal conductivity of 0.0830 W m K at 1000 °C, anisotropic mechanical and sound absorption performances, and multifunctionality in terms of the combination of thermal insulation, sound absorption, and hydrophobicity. The successful synthesis of such fascinating materials may provide new insights into the design and development of multifunctional CFAs for various applications.
一维柔性纤维组装的三维多孔网络陶瓷纤维气凝胶（CFA）被开发出来以克服传统陶瓷颗粒气凝胶的脆性。然而，现有的具有无序和准有序结构的CFA无法平衡柔韧性、坚固性和隔热性之间的关系。制造出具有优异性能组合的新型结构CFA已被证明极具挑战性。在本文中，采用了一种新颖的策略，通过结合纤维沉降和电场诱导纤维排列技术来制备具有有序结构的多孔莫来石纤维气凝胶（MFA）。首次利用电场诱导陶瓷纤维排列来大规模制备块状气凝胶。所得的MFA在1000℃时表现出0.0830W m⁻¹ K⁻¹的超低高温热导率、各向异性的机械和吸声性能，以及隔热、吸声和疏水性相结合的多功能性。这种迷人材料的成功合成可能为各种应用的多功能CFA的设计和开发提供新的见解。
