Díaz-Soto José Manuel, Borbón Diego
Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Criminal Law Research Group, Universidad Externado de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Center for Studies on Genetics and Law, Research Group on Biological Sciences and Law, Universidad Externado de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Front Sociol. 2024 Sep 30;9:1403914. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1403914. eCollection 2024.
In this paper, we introduce a perspective based on a comparative viewpoint on the Colombian Penal Code and a theoretical approach to neurolaw and criminal responsibility in contexts of marginality and extreme poverty. We present a further response to the debate on how structural injustice impacts criminal responsibility. By offering a comparative and theoretical insight, this paper enriches the debate and provides an understanding of how legal systems might address these issues. The paper then suggests that other legislations can follow the rule of Article 56 of the Colombian Penal Code, which reduces punishment in circumstances of marginality, ignorance, or extreme poverty. Utilizing neuroscience findings, we briefly highlight the interplay between structural injustice and neurobiological vulnerabilities, emphasizing the complexity of the role of incarceration and criminal law in marginalized populations. We invite scholars to consider debates on alternatives to criminal law, the reduction of prison use and mass incarceration, as well as further remarks on the problem of free will. In this paper, we seek to bridge the gap between neuroscientific insights and socio-legal ethics to foster a more equitable and humane system of justice.
在本文中，我们引入一种基于对《哥伦比亚刑法典》的比较视角以及在边缘化和极端贫困背景下对神经法学与刑事责任的理论探讨的观点。我们对关于结构性不公正如何影响刑事责任的辩论给出了进一步回应。通过提供一种比较性和理论性的见解，本文丰富了这一辩论，并让人理解法律制度可能如何应对这些问题。接着，本文提出其他立法可以遵循《哥伦比亚刑法典》第56条的规则，该条在边缘化、无知或极端贫困的情况下减轻处罚。利用神经科学研究结果，我们简要强调结构性不公正与神经生物学脆弱性之间的相互作用，强调监禁和刑法在边缘化人群中作用的复杂性。我们邀请学者们思考关于刑法替代方案、减少监狱使用和大规模监禁的辩论，以及对自由意志问题的进一步探讨。在本文中，我们试图弥合神经科学见解与社会法律伦理之间的差距，以促进建立一个更加公平和人道的司法体系。
