Khan Allahdad, Maqbool Ayesha, Khan Ahmed A, Jamil Muhammad Farhan, Aziz Beshair, Aziz Aamir, Khan Jawad A, Riaz Muhammad Hamza, Naeem Wania, Rasheed Ahsan
Department of Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
Department of Community Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
Cureus. 2024 Sep 14;16(9):e69396. doi: 10.7759/cureus.69396. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Hypertension affects 26.7% of Pakistan's population, with only 6% achieving control. This study investigates antihypertensive medication adherence in Multan, focusing on socioeconomic and patient-related factors influencing non-adherence to study the lack of adherence to antihypertensive medications in hypertensive patients and its associated factors at Nishtar Hospital in Multan, Pakistan.
This cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensive patients admitted at Nishtar Hospital Multan, Pakistan. Patients under the age of 20 years were excluded from the study. A self-developed questionnaire was used to gather the demographic details of patients. The Hill-Bone Medication Adherence Scale was used via a non-probability convenience sampling technique to deduce the adherence level in patients. Data analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) v23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Out of 217 respondents, most were female, married, unemployed, and residing in urban areas. Most of them had a higher level of education and a monthly income averaging below 30,000 PKR (Pakistani Rupee). The insight into the hypertensive history showed that most of them had a positive family history and comorbid conditions, and were hypertensive for more than five years. The majority of the patients had a complex regimen prescribed to them with multiple doses throughout the day. The minority were smokers and had medications provided to them for free, through public or government-funded institutions. More importantly, adherence to the antihypertensive therapy was negatively correlated with the age of the patients (p = 0.004, r = -0.195), complexity of regimen (p = 0.041), multiple dosing (p = 0.039), and cost of medication (p = 0.043). All of these relations were statistically significant.
Lack of adherence to antihypertensive medications in hypertensive patients is more common in populations belonging to older age groups, complex regimens, multiple doses, and higher medicine fees.
高血压影响着巴基斯坦26.7%的人口，只有6%的患者血压得到控制。本研究调查了木尔坦地区抗高血压药物的依从性，重点关注影响不依从性的社会经济和患者相关因素，以研究巴基斯坦木尔坦市尼什塔尔医院高血压患者抗高血压药物治疗的不依从性及其相关因素。
本横断面研究在巴基斯坦木尔坦市尼什塔尔医院收治的高血压患者中进行。20岁以下的患者被排除在研究之外。使用自行编制的问卷收集患者的人口统计学细节。通过非概率便利抽样技术使用希尔-博恩药物依从性量表来推断患者的依从水平。使用SPSS（社会科学统计软件包）v23（IBM公司，纽约州阿蒙克）进行数据分析。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在217名受访者中，大多数为女性、已婚、失业且居住在城市地区。他们中的大多数人受教育程度较高，月收入平均低于30,000巴基斯坦卢比。对高血压病史的调查显示，他们中的大多数人有家族病史和合并症，且患高血压超过五年。大多数患者的治疗方案复杂，全天需要多次服药。少数患者吸烟，通过公共或政府资助机构免费获得药物。更重要的是，抗高血压治疗的依从性与患者年龄（p = 0.004，r = -0.195）、治疗方案的复杂性（p = 0.041）、多次服药（p = 0.039）和药物费用（p = 0.043）呈负相关。所有这些关系均具有统计学意义。
高血压患者中抗高血压药物治疗的不依从性在老年人群、复杂治疗方案、多次服药和较高药费的人群中更为常见。
