Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Cells. 2024 Oct 5;13(19):1655. doi: 10.3390/cells13191655.
Peroxisomes are organelles involved in many cellular metabolic functions, including the degradation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs; C ≥ 22), the initiation of ether-phospholipid synthesis, and the metabolism of reactive oxygen species. All of these processes are essential for the maintenance of cellular lipid and redox homeostasis, and their perturbation can trigger inflammatory response in immune cells, including in the central nervous system (CNS) resident microglia and astrocytes. Consistently, peroxisomal disorders, a group of congenital diseases caused by a block in peroxisomal biogenesis or the impairment of one of the peroxisomal enzymes, are associated with neuroinflammation. Peroxisomal function is also dysregulated in many neurodegenerative diseases and during brain aging, both of which are associated with neuroinflammation. This suggests that deciphering the role of peroxisomes in neuroinflammation may be important for understanding both congenital and age-related brain dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the current advances in understanding the role and function of peroxisomes in neuroinflammation.
过氧化物酶体参与许多细胞代谢功能，包括降解超长链脂肪酸（VLCFAs；C≥22）、起始醚磷脂合成以及活性氧物质的代谢。所有这些过程对于维持细胞脂质和氧化还原平衡都是必不可少的，其紊乱会在免疫细胞中引发炎症反应，包括中枢神经系统（CNS）驻留的小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞。一致地，过氧化物酶体疾病是一组由过氧化物酶体生物发生受阻或过氧化物酶体酶之一受损引起的先天性疾病，与神经炎症有关。过氧化物酶体的功能在许多神经退行性疾病和大脑衰老过程中也失调，两者都与神经炎症有关。这表明，解析过氧化物体在神经炎症中的作用对于理解先天性和与年龄相关的大脑功能障碍可能很重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了目前对过氧化物体在神经炎症中的作用和功能的理解进展。
