The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China.
Qingdao Ruizi Marine Engineering Research Institute Co., Qingdao 266400, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Dec 5;480:136158. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136158. Epub 2024 Oct 12.
The concept and application of probiotic intervention for restoring intestinal microbial dysbiosis induced by antibiotics in aquaculture are still in early stages. This study aimed to investigate potential responses of various recovery strategies, including natural recovery and probiotic intervention, in restoring the growth and intestinal microbial community of Penaeus vannamei following florfenicol perturbation. The basal diet (control, CN) was supplemented with florfenicol (FC) or Lactobacillus plantarum W2 (LM) throughout the entire feeding trial. Meanwhile, the basal diet was supplemented with florfenicol for 7 days, followed by a period without florfenicol (natural recovery, FB), or with live strain W2 (probiotic recovery, FM), for a duration of 35 days. Results indicated that dietary supplementation of strain W2, whether continuous or following florfenicol perturbation, along with continuous florfenicol supplementation, significantly enhanced the growth performance of shrimp. Early natural recovery and probiotic intervention did not induce significant alterations in microbial diversity and community structure. Florfenicol perturbation resulted in a decrease in the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria in intestinal microbial community of shrimp. However, both probiotic intervention and natural recovery strategies gradually reduced the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria while increasing the abundance of potentially beneficial ones. The robustness of microbial network decreased during florfenicol perturbation, showed gradual improvement during probiotic recovery, and remained relatively low during natural recovery and continuous florfenicol supplementation. Moreover, the microbial community composition in intestinal habitat significantly differed under various recovery strategies compared to the control. Notably, the microbial community composition of intestinal habitat following probiotic recovery exhibited greater similarity to that of continuous strain W2 supplementation without florfenicol perturbation. In summary, dietary supplementation of florfenicol perturbed intestinal microbial community stability of shrimp, whereas probiotic intervention and natural recovery facilitated the attainment of new stable states by altering keystone taxa. Considering intestinal microbial community stability of shrimp, the recovery of microbial community through probiotic intervention appears to be more effective than natural recovery.
抗生素诱导水产养殖动物肠道微生物失调的益生菌干预概念和应用仍处于早期阶段。本研究旨在探讨各种恢复策略（包括自然恢复和益生菌干预）在恢复凡纳滨对虾生长和肠道微生物群落方面的潜在反应，这些策略是在氟苯尼考扰动后进行的。基础日粮（对照，CN）在整个喂养试验中补充了氟苯尼考（FC）或植物乳杆菌 W2（LM）。同时，基础日粮补充氟苯尼考 7 天，然后不补充氟苯尼考（自然恢复，FB）或补充活菌 W2（益生菌恢复，FM）35 天。结果表明，无论是连续补充还是在氟苯尼考扰动后补充，日粮中添加 W2 菌株均显著提高了虾的生长性能。早期的自然恢复和益生菌干预并没有引起微生物多样性和群落结构的显著变化。氟苯尼考扰动导致虾肠道微生物群落中潜在有益细菌的丰度降低。然而，益生菌干预和自然恢复策略都逐渐降低了潜在致病菌的丰度，同时增加了潜在有益菌的丰度。氟苯尼考扰动导致微生物网络的稳健性降低，益生菌恢复逐渐改善，而自然恢复和连续氟苯尼考补充则保持相对较低水平。此外，与对照组相比，各种恢复策略下肠道生境中的微生物群落组成有显著差异。值得注意的是，益生菌恢复后的肠道生境微生物群落组成与无氟苯尼考扰动的连续补充 W2 菌株更为相似。综上所述，日粮中添加氟苯尼考会破坏虾肠道微生物群落的稳定性，而益生菌干预和自然恢复通过改变关键类群来促进新的稳定状态的形成。考虑到虾肠道微生物群落的稳定性，通过益生菌干预恢复微生物群落似乎比自然恢复更有效。
