Student of Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran; Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Department of Earth Sciences, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran; Centre for Environmental Studies and Emerging Pollutants (ZISTANO), Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Nov;370:122851. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122851. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
This work reports a characterization of microplastics (MPs) and microrubbers (MRs) such as color, size, shape, and the chemical composition in snowfall in central Iran (Qom) at five sites. Identification of MPs and MRs involved using a stereo microscope to evaluate physical characteristics such as thickness, shininess, hardness, and reaction to a hot needle. HYSPLIT trajectory and end-member microplastic (PM) mixing models are used to determine the contribution of local and remote sources to MPs. The mean (±SD) abundance of MPs and MRs is 23.8 ± 15.87 (MP/L) and 1.26 ± 1.16 (MR/L), respectively, whereas the mean (±SD) abundance of MPs and MRs is 30.7 ± 19.36 (MP/m) and 1.58 ± 1.39 (MR/m), respectively. The frequency of MP colors in order are: black (63.8%) > red (12.8%) > blue (11 %) > white (9.1%) > green (2.1%) > yellow (1.3%). About 71.6% and 3.6% of the identified MPs are 250-500 μm and >1000 μm, respectively. Snow samples contain different identified polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), nylon, viscose, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Analysis reveals that 90% of Qom city's snowy day winds come from local sources. The high MP levels in are due to human activities from local origins according to end-member MP mixing model. Further study is needed to understand the potential impacts of MPs and MRs on ecosystems and human health.
本研究报告了伊朗中部（科姆）五个地点的降雪事件中微塑料（MPs）和微橡胶（MRs）的特征，包括颜色、尺寸、形状和化学成分。使用立体显微镜评估厚度、光泽度、硬度和对热针的反应等物理特性来识别 MPs 和 MRs。HYSPLIT 轨迹和端元微塑料（PM）混合模型用于确定本地和远程源对 MPs 的贡献。 MPs 和 MRs 的平均（±SD）丰度分别为 23.8±15.87（MP/L）和 1.26±1.16（MR/L），而 MPs 和 MRs 的平均（±SD）丰度分别为 30.7±19.36（MP/m）和 1.58±1.39（MR/m）。MP 颜色的出现频率依次为：黑色（63.8%）>红色（12.8%）>蓝色（11%）>白色（9.1%）>绿色（2.1%）>黄色（1.3%）。71.6%和 3.6%的鉴定 MPs 分别为 250-500μm 和>1000μm。雪样中含有不同的鉴定聚合物，如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）、尼龙、粘胶、聚丙烯（PP）、聚乙烯（PE）、聚苯乙烯（PS）和聚氯乙烯（PVC）。分析表明，科姆市 90%的降雪日风向来自本地。根据端元 MPs 混合模型，由于本地人类活动，导致 MPs 浓度较高。需要进一步研究以了解 MPs 和 MRs 对生态系统和人类健康的潜在影响。
