Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Oviedo, ES-33006 Oviedo, Spain.
Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Servicio de Neurología, ES-33011 Oviedo, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 2;25(19):10632. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910632.
Nanotechnology is transforming therapeutics for brain disorders, especially in developing drug delivery systems. Intrathecal immunoselective nanopheresis with soluble monoclonal antibodies represents an innovative approach in the realm of drug delivery systems for Central Nervous System conditions, especially for targeting soluble beta-amyloid in Alzheimer's disease. This review delves into the concept of intrathecal immunoselective nanopheresis. It provides an overall description of devices to perform this technique while discussing the nanotechnology behind its mechanism of action, its potential advantages, and clinical implications. By exploring current research and advancements, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of this novel method, addressing the critical questions of what it is, how it works, why it is needed, and when it should be applied. Special attention is given to patient selection and the optimal timing for therapy initiation in Alzheimer's, coinciding with the peak accumulation of amyloid oligomers in the early stages. Potential limitations and alternative targets beyond beta-amyloid and future perspectives for immunoselective nanopheresis are also described.
纳米技术正在改变脑部疾病的治疗方法，特别是在开发药物输送系统方面。鞘内免疫选择纳米过滤与可溶性单克隆抗体代表了中枢神经系统疾病药物输送系统领域的一种创新方法，特别是针对阿尔茨海默病中可溶性β-淀粉样蛋白的靶向治疗。本综述深入探讨了鞘内免疫选择纳米过滤的概念。它全面描述了用于执行该技术的设备，同时讨论了其作用机制背后的纳米技术、潜在的优势以及临床意义。通过探索当前的研究和进展，我们旨在全面了解这种新方法，回答关于它是什么、如何工作、为什么需要以及何时应用的关键问题。特别关注阿尔茨海默病患者的选择和治疗开始的最佳时机，这与早期淀粉样寡聚体的峰值积累相吻合。还描述了免疫选择纳米过滤的潜在局限性和除β-淀粉样蛋白以外的替代靶点以及未来的展望。
