Muir Wendy Isabelle, Akter Yeasmin, Kho Sebastian Kai Yi, Bruerton Kenneth, Groves Peter John
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia.
Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Oct 3;14(19):2850. doi: 10.3390/ani14192850.
As hen body weight (BW) impacts egg weight (EW) and feed efficiency, egg producers prefer pullets of a specific size to enter the egg-laying cycle. Lighting and feeding programs were tested to achieve target Hy-Line Brown pullet BW. Three feeding programs were implemented: ad libitum (ad lib); feeding to achieve breed standard weight for age (BSW); and feeding to achieve 88% BSW (managed). The feeding programs were used with either control lighting (CL: 10 h light/d from 7 weeks of age (WOA)) or reduced lighting (RL: 9 h light/d from 4 WOA). One-hundred and fifty pullets were assigned to each feeding program by lighting treatment during rearing. At 16 WOA, 70 pullets from each treatment during rearing were moved to cages and onto ad libitum feeding under a step-up photoperiod reaching 16 h light/d at 33 WOA. The age and weight of the first egg, hen BW, feed intake (FI), egg production (EP), and EW were measured until 36 WOA. At 16 WOA, pullets reared with ad lib feeding under CL had higher BW and cumulative FI (CFI) compared to ad lib feeding under RL. The latter were the earliest to lay, and the managed pullets under CL were the last to lay. Control lighting and BSW independently generated the heaviest first eggs. At 36 WOA, BW, EW, CFI, and cumulative egg production (CEP) were highest following ad lib feeding during rearing, while rearing under CL generated higher BW and EW but lower CEP than RL. Hence, lighting and feeding programs throughout rearing can regulate pullet growth, FI, and hen performance throughout early lay.
由于母鸡体重会影响蛋重和饲料效率,蛋鸡生产者希望特定大小的小母鸡进入产蛋周期。对光照和饲喂程序进行了测试,以达到海兰褐小母鸡的目标体重。实施了三种饲喂程序:自由采食(随意采食);饲喂以达到品种标准体重(BSW);饲喂以达到88%的BSW(控制采食)。这些饲喂程序与对照光照(CL:7周龄起每天光照10小时)或减少光照(RL:4周龄起每天光照9小时)配合使用。在饲养期间,根据光照处理将150只小母鸡分配到每个饲喂程序中。在16周龄时,将饲养期间每个处理的70只小母鸡转移到笼子里,并在逐步增加的光照周期下自由采食,在33周龄时达到每天光照16小时。测量了第一批蛋的年龄和重量、母鸡体重、采食量(FI)、产蛋量(EP)和蛋重,直到36周龄。在16周龄时,与RL下的自由采食相比,CL下自由采食饲养的小母鸡体重和累积采食量(CFI)更高。后者最早产蛋,而CL下控制采食的小母鸡最后产蛋。对照光照和BSW分别产生了最重的第一批蛋。在36周龄时,饲养期间自由采食后,体重、蛋重、CFI和累积产蛋量(CEP)最高,而CL下饲养产生的体重和蛋重高于RL,但CEP低于RL。因此,整个饲养过程中的光照和饲喂程序可以调节小母鸡的生长、采食量和早期产蛋期间的母鸡性能。