Wolf Nadine, Hahn Joachim A, Walter Ingrid, Zablotski Yury, Zerbe Holm, Witte Tanja S
Equine Hospital Starnberg, 82319 Starnberg, Bavaria, Germany.
Institute of Morphology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Oct 8;14(19):2899. doi: 10.3390/ani14192899.
Behavioral problems in reproductively healthy mares are a challenging issue that is successfully treated with bilateral ovariectomy (BO). This laparoscopic procedure represents an alternative to conservative treatment for mares not intended for breeding and results in high owner satisfaction regarding behavioral improvement. However, a pathohistological explanation to justify surgical ovarian removal regarding animal welfare is lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to pathohistologically evaluate bilaterally removed, clinically unremarkable ovaries of mares with behavioral problems (bOE, = 20) and to compare them with pathohistologically confirmed granulosa cell tumors of mares with neoplastic ovaries (GCT-uOE, = 10). A complete data set including preliminary presentation, clinical examination, and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone was further analyzed in both groups. Both hormones were significantly higher in GCT-uOE compared with bOE. Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, AMH, aromatase, epidermal growth factor receptor, calretinin, and epithelial cadherin in granulosa cells of large follicular structures in bOE did not differ from neoplastic granulosa cells in GCT-uOE. Ultrasonographically nondetectable early neoplastic changes were pathohistologically evaluated in 15% of mares and anovulatory-like follicles in 30% of mares in bOE and might be one explanation for the high success rate of BO in 85% of bOE in this study.
生殖健康母马的行为问题是一个具有挑战性的问题，双侧卵巢切除术（BO）可成功治疗该问题。这种腹腔镜手术是不打算用于繁殖的母马保守治疗的一种替代方法，并且在行为改善方面使主人满意度很高。然而，缺乏关于动物福利方面证明手术切除卵巢合理性的病理组织学解释。因此，本研究的目的是对患有行为问题的母马双侧切除的、临床上无异常的卵巢（行为问题卵巢切除组，bOE，n = 20）进行病理组织学评估，并将其与患有肿瘤性卵巢的母马经病理组织学证实的颗粒细胞瘤（颗粒细胞瘤 - 未患肿瘤卵巢切除组，GCT - uOE，n = 10）进行比较。对两组进一步分析了包括初步表现、临床检查以及血清抗苗勒管激素（AMH）和睾酮在内的完整数据集。与bOE组相比，GCT - uOE组的这两种激素水平均显著更高。bOE组大卵泡结构颗粒细胞中Ki - 67、AMH、芳香化酶、表皮生长因子受体、钙视网膜蛋白和上皮钙黏蛋白的免疫组化表达与GCT - uOE组的肿瘤性颗粒细胞无差异。在本研究中，bOE组15%的母马经病理组织学评估存在超声检查无法检测到的早期肿瘤变化，30%的母马存在无排卵样卵泡，这可能是bOE组85%的母马BO成功率高的一个原因。
