Sedaghat Masoud, Karami Badriyeh, Najafi Farid, Shadmani Fatemeh Khosravi, Rezaeian Shahab
School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Behavioral Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Vaccine. 2024 Dec 2;42(26):126424. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126424. Epub 2024 Oct 16.
Vaccination in pandemic diseases, in addition to positive effects on controlling the prevalence and reducing the resulting socioeconomic effects, can have adverse effects with different intensity based on gender, type and dose of vaccine. We aimed to investigate gender differences in adverse effects following the second dose of AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine among healthcare workers (HWs).
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 780 HWs who worked in two educational hospitals in Kermanshah city, western Iran, and had received the second dose of AstraZeneca vaccine. The duration of the investigation of the adverse effects was a maximum of one month after receiving the second dose of AstraZeneca vaccine.
The overall proportion of adverse effects following the second dose of the AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine was higher in female participants, but it was not significant (OR=1.83, p=0.056). The results of adjusted logistic regression showed that the odds of chills (OR=2.17, p=0.001), nausea (OR=2.98, p=0.012), and gastrointestinal symptoms (OR=2.1, p=0.001), runny nose (OR=1.5, p=0.047), fever (OR=1.64, p=0.002), body pain (OR=1.4, p=0.04), and fatigue (OR=1.85, p=0.001) were significantly higher in females than in males. The maximum gap of 15% (attributable risk) was shown for fever adverse between genders.
The higher occurrence rate of side effects after second dose of AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine in women, indicates that gender factors influence the response to the vaccine, consequently, it is imperative that women undergo further examination to mitigate the risk of complications arising from injection procedures.
大流行疾病中的疫苗接种，除了对控制疾病流行率和减少由此产生的社会经济影响有积极作用外，根据性别、疫苗类型和剂量的不同，还可能产生不同强度的不良反应。我们旨在调查医护人员接种第二剂阿斯利康新冠疫苗后不良反应的性别差异。
这项横断面研究针对伊朗西部克尔曼沙阿市两家教学医院的780名医护人员开展，这些人员均接种了第二剂阿斯利康疫苗。不良反应的调查时长为接种第二剂阿斯利康疫苗后的最长一个月。
接种第二剂阿斯利康新冠疫苗后，女性参与者的不良反应总体比例更高，但差异不显著（比值比=1.83，p=0.056）。调整后的逻辑回归结果显示，女性出现寒战（比值比=2.17，p=0.001）、恶心（比值比=2.98，p=0.012）、胃肠道症状（比值比=2.1，p=0.001）、流鼻涕（比值比=1.5，p=0.047）、发热（比值比=1.64，p=0.002）、身体疼痛（比值比=1.4，p=0.04）和疲劳（比值比=1.85，p=）的几率显著高于男性。两性之间发热不良反应的最大差距为15%（归因风险）。
女性接种第二剂阿斯利康新冠疫苗后副作用发生率较高，表明性别因素会影响对疫苗的反应，因此，女性必须接受进一步检查，以降低注射程序引发并发症的风险。
