Arilha Margareth, Carvalho Adriana P, Forster Thais A, Rodrigues Carla V M, Briguglio Bianca, Serruya Suzanne J
Elza Berquó Center for Population Studies, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
Department of Sociology, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Front Glob Womens Health. 2024 Oct 2;5:1414355. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2024.1414355. eCollection 2024.
The impact of COVID-19 on mental health has become a relevant object of research. Studies have demonstrated that women have experienced greater mental health challenges, highlighting the importance of public health systems to address women's specific needs.
This literature review explores the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on psychological distress among women, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject and to explore how these research findings can guide public mental health care responses in crisis settings. A total of 131 studies were analyzed and four dimensions were discussed: study characteristics, factors impacting women's mental health in the pandemic setting, particularities of pregnancy and the postpartum period, and proposed interventions. Most studies exclusively addressed populations of adult women, predominantly during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
Anxiety, depression, and stress were the most common outcomes. Lower education and income, preexisting mental health problems, and living alone or with children were risk factors for higher levels of anxiety and depression.
A comprehensive care approach supported by public health policies and focused on intersectional factors, including race, socioeconomic status, and access to resources, is necessary to improve women's mental health care response in future crises.
新冠疫情对心理健康的影响已成为一个相关研究对象。研究表明，女性经历了更大的心理健康挑战，凸显了公共卫生系统满足女性特定需求的重要性。
本综述探讨了新冠疫情对女性心理困扰的影响，旨在全面了解该主题，并探讨这些研究结果如何指导危机情况下的公共心理健康护理应对措施。共分析了131项研究，并讨论了四个维度：研究特征、疫情背景下影响女性心理健康的因素、孕期和产后的特殊性以及建议的干预措施。大多数研究仅针对成年女性群体，主要是在孕期和产后。
焦虑、抑郁和压力是最常见的结果。教育程度和收入较低、既往有心理健康问题以及独自生活或与孩子一起生活是焦虑和抑郁水平较高的风险因素。
需要一种由公共卫生政策支持并关注交叉因素（包括种族、社会经济地位和资源获取）的综合护理方法，以改善未来危机中女性的心理健康护理应对措施。
