Guo Tengfei, Hai Shenyang, Ni Yakun, Xin Zhaoyang, Xu Yanzhen
School of Educational Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
International Business School, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
Work. 2025 Feb;80(2):579-590. doi: 10.3233/WOR-230689. Epub 2025 Apr 2.
Although research suggests that mentors largely shape apprentices' work attitudes and behaviors, questions remain as to how and when negative mentoring experiences can influence the formation of craftsmanship spirit among apprentices.
This study, grounded in social exchange theory and regulatory focus theory, proposed and empirically examined the mediating role of occupational identity and the moderating role of regulatory focus (i.e., promotion focus and prevention focus) in the relationship between negative mentoring experiences and craftsmanship spiritMETHODS:Using three-wave data among 345 apprentices and their immediate mentor in manufacturing companies in China, we employed SPSS PROCESS macro to examine the mediating role of occupational identity and the moderating role of regulatory focus.
The main results demonstrated that occupational identity partially mediated the link between negative mentoring experiences and craftsmanship spirit. Moreover, regulatory focus moderates the relationship between negative mentoring experiences and occupational identity, such that the relationship is stronger among employees with a higher prevention focus, and weaker among employees with a higher promotion focus.
Organizational managers need to be aware of the negative impact of masters' negative mentoring on apprentices' occupational identity and craftsmanship, especially for individuals with a high prevention focus, where this negative effect is more pronounced.
尽管研究表明导师在很大程度上塑造学徒的工作态度和行为，但关于负面指导经历如何以及何时会影响学徒工匠精神的形成，仍存在疑问。
本研究以社会交换理论和调节焦点理论为基础，提出并实证检验职业认同的中介作用以及调节焦点（即促进焦点和预防焦点）在负面指导经历与工匠精神关系中的调节作用。
利用来自中国制造业公司的345名学徒及其直属导师的三波数据，我们采用SPSS PROCESS宏程序来检验职业认同的中介作用和调节焦点的调节作用。
主要结果表明，职业认同部分中介了负面指导经历与工匠精神之间的联系。此外，调节焦点调节了负面指导经历与职业认同之间的关系，即预防焦点较高的员工中这种关系更强，而促进焦点较高的员工中这种关系较弱。
组织管理者需要意识到师傅的负面指导对学徒职业认同和工匠精神的负面影响，特别是对于预防焦点较高的个体，这种负面影响更为明显。
