Rajati Mojgan, Rajati Fatemeh, Chegeni Maryam, Rasulehvandi Roumina, Rezaei Mohsen, Ganjabi Maryam, Kazeminia Mohsen
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Motazedi Hospital Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024 Dec;64:274-283. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.146. Epub 2024 Oct 16.
Preeclampsia is a type of hypertension disorder characterized by symptoms of damage to other organs. The effect of omega-3 supplementation and fish oil on preeclampsia has been studied several times over the years. Therefore, due to the importance of the subject and the inconsistency of the results of the studies, the present research aimed to estimate the effect of omega-3 supplementation and fish oil on preeclampsia by systematic review and meta-analysis.
The present systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines from 1990 to February 2022. A systematic literature review was conducted in MagIran, SID, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) databases and Google Scholar motor engine using related MeSH/Emtree terms, which were combined with free text word. The heterogeneity of the studies was addressed using I index and publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression intercept.
The initial systematic literature search retrieved 12095 studies, of which 16 articles with a sample size of 8004 subjects in the intervention group and 8233 in the control group were finally included in the meta-analysis after excluding irrelevant studies. As a result of combining primary studies, the risk ratio of the frequency of total preeclampsia (mild and severe) was obtained (RR: 0.63; 95 % CI, 0.41-0.95, P = 0.027) in the intervention group compared to the control group and risk ratio of the frequency of severe preeclampsia was calculated (RR: 0.45; 95 % CI, 0.24-0.83, P = 0.011) in the intervention group compared to the control group.
Based on the results of the present study, the consumption of omega-3 supplementation and fish oil significantly reduces the risk of developing preeclampsia. Therefore, it seems that omega-3 supplementation and fish oil can be considered in preventing preeclampsia.
子痫前期是一种高血压疾病，其特征为伴有其他器官损害的症状。多年来，已经多次研究了补充ω-3脂肪酸和鱼油对子痫前期的影响。因此，鉴于该主题的重要性以及研究结果的不一致性，本研究旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析来评估补充ω-3脂肪酸和鱼油对子痫前期的影响。
本系统评价和荟萃分析按照PRISMA指南进行，时间范围为1990年至2022年2月。在MagIran、SID、PubMed、Embase、Scopus、科学网（WoS）数据库以及谷歌学术搜索引擎中，使用相关医学主题词表（MeSH）/Emtree术语进行系统的文献检索，并与自由文本词相结合。使用I指数处理研究的异质性，并使用Egger回归截距评估发表偏倚。
最初的系统文献检索共获得12095项研究，排除无关研究后，最终有16篇文章纳入荟萃分析，干预组样本量为800对象，对照组为8233对象。综合原始研究结果，干预组与对照组相比总子痫前期（轻度和重度）发生率的风险比为（RR：0.63；95%CI，0.41 - 0.95，P = 0.027），重度子痫前期发生率的风险比为（RR：0.45；95%CI，0.24 - 0.83，P = 0.011）。
基于本研究结果，补充ω-3脂肪酸和鱼油可显著降低子痫前期的发病风险。因此，似乎可以考虑使用补充ω-3脂肪酸和鱼油来预防子痫前期。
