Josset Damien, Cayula Stephanie, Anguelova Magdalena, Rogers W Erick, Wang David
Ocean Sciences Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, NASA Stennis Space Center, John C. Stennis Space Center, MS, 39529, USA.
Remote Sensing Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 18;14(1):24525. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75551-6.
Visible and microwave satellite measurements can provide the global whitecap fraction. The bubble clouds are three-dimensional structures, and a space-based lidar can provide complementary observations of the bubble depth. Here, we use lidar measurements of the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite to quantify global bubble depth from the depolarization. The relationship between CALIPSO bubble depth and wind speed from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) and AMSR2 is similar to a recently derived relationship based on buoy measurements. The CALIPSO-based bubble depth data show global distributions and seasonal variations consistent with the high wind speed (> 7 m/s) but with some variance. We also found similarities between the CALIPSO bubble depth and the whitecap fraction from AMSR2 and WindSat. Our findings support the use of spaceborne lidar measurements for advancing the understanding of the 3D bubble properties, and the ocean physics at high wind speeds.
可见光和微波卫星测量能够提供全球白帽覆盖率。气泡云是三维结构，天基激光雷达可以提供气泡深度的补充观测数据。在此，我们利用云-气溶胶激光雷达与红外探路者卫星观测（CALIPSO）卫星的激光雷达测量数据，通过去极化来量化全球气泡深度。CALIPSO气泡深度与用于EOS的先进微波扫描辐射计（AMSR-E）和AMSR2风速之间的关系，类似于最近基于浮标测量得出的关系。基于CALIPSO的气泡深度数据显示出与高风速（>7米/秒）一致的全球分布和季节变化，但存在一些差异。我们还发现CALIPSO气泡深度与AMSR2和WindSat的白帽覆盖率之间存在相似性。我们的研究结果支持利用星载激光雷达测量来增进对三维气泡特性以及高风速下海洋物理学的理解。
