Post Graduate Program in Epidemiology in Public Health, National School of Public Health/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Post Graduate Program in Public Health, National School of Public Health/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Oct 18;24(1):701. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-06153-9.
Suicide is a global public health problem. In childhood, the risk factors are less clear, highlighting family and individual factors. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and sociodemographic, social, family, and individual factors associated with suicide ideation and attempts in pre-adolescents in a Brazilian city.
The sample comes from a cohort of 500 schoolchildren of a city in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. The data are analyzed cross-sectionally. The research incorporated data from the years 2005, 2006, and 2008 to evaluate suicide ideation and attempts in childhood, as reported by parents/caregivers, teachers and children. A hierarchical logistic model evaluated the association between the explanatory variables related to sociodemographic, social, family, and individual factors and the outcome.
22.2% of the children (95% CI 18.0%-27.0%) had suicide ideation/attempts, reported either by their mothers, teachers, or the child at some point in a cohort. The following variables were associated with suicidal ideation/attempts in the final adjusted model: regular or poor quality of relationship with friends (OR = 1.84; 95% CI 1.31-2.58), having a family member incarcerated (OR = 1.44; 95% CI 1.07-1.92) and having worse performance in portuguese or mathematics than other students (OR = 2.05; 95% CI 1.29-3.26).
Suicidal behavior in childhood is severe and affects everyone around the case, demanding to promote friendships, helping with school activities, and providing greater support and attention to children at risk. Bad relationships with friends and incarcerated family members are particularly key risk factors for suicide ideation and attempts. It is essential to improve prevention policies and to disseminate protective behaviors. There is a critical need to augment community mental health resources, mainly in less developed countries and regions that lack these services.
自杀是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。在儿童时期，风险因素尚不明确，突出了家庭和个人因素。本研究旨在调查巴西某城市青少年自杀意念和自杀未遂的流行情况，以及与自杀意念和自杀未遂相关的社会人口学、社会、家庭和个体因素。
该样本来自里约热内卢/巴西某城市的一个队列 500 名学童。数据进行了横断面分析。该研究结合了 2005 年、2006 年和 2008 年的数据，评估了儿童时期由父母/照顾者、教师和儿童报告的自杀意念和自杀未遂情况。分层逻辑回归模型评估了与社会人口学、社会、家庭和个体因素相关的解释变量与结局之间的关联。
22.2%的儿童（95%CI 18.0%-27.0%）有自杀意念/尝试，由他们的母亲、教师或儿童在队列中的某个时候报告。在最终调整后的模型中，以下变量与自杀意念/尝试相关：与朋友的关系正常或较差（OR=1.84；95%CI 1.31-2.58）、有家庭成员被监禁（OR=1.44；95%CI 1.07-1.92）和在葡萄牙语或数学方面的表现比其他学生差（OR=2.05；95%CI 1.29-3.26）。
儿童期的自杀行为很严重，影响到案件周围的每一个人，需要促进友谊，帮助学校活动，并为有风险的儿童提供更多的支持和关注。与朋友的关系不好和家庭成员被监禁是自杀意念和尝试的特别关键风险因素。必须改善预防政策，传播保护行为。特别需要增加社区精神卫生资源，特别是在缺乏这些服务的欠发达国家和地区。
