Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA.
Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA.
Cognition. 2025 Jan;254:105985. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105985. Epub 2024 Oct 18.
Although cross-cultural research identifies cognitive differences when comparing across individuals, few studies have examined how acculturation, or cultural change over time within individuals, affects cognition. To address this gap, we investigated how acculturation and change in self-construal for Chinese students in the US impacts the self-reference effect in memory over two timepoints. Participants completed a self-referencing memory task and a set of questionnaires assessing acculturation orientation and self-construal over two time points, on average 16 months apart. As individuals' orientation towards host culture and independence increased over the two time points, they exhibited a larger self-reference effect (self vs. other) in memory and a smaller other-reference (other vs. control) effect. These patterns indicated that as Chinese students became more acculturated to US culture, they exhibited more US-like patterns of behavior in memory. In contrast, between-participant variability in acculturation orientation and independence were not related to self- or other-referencing.
虽然跨文化研究在比较个体时确定了认知差异，但很少有研究探讨个体内部的文化适应（即随时间发生的文化变化）如何影响认知。为了弥补这一空白，我们调查了留美中国学生的文化适应和自我建构的变化如何影响记忆中的自我参照效应在两个时间点上的变化。参与者在两个时间点上完成了自我参照记忆任务和一组评估文化适应取向和自我建构的问卷，两次测量之间的平均间隔为 16 个月。随着个体对东道国文化和独立性的取向在两个时间点上的增加，他们在记忆中表现出更大的自我参照效应（自我与他人）和更小的他人参照（他人与控制）效应。这些模式表明，随着中国学生越来越适应美国文化，他们在记忆中表现出更像美国的行为模式。相比之下，文化适应取向和独立性的个体间变异性与自我或他人参照无关。
