Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519-1187, USA.
Int J Psychol. 2009 Oct;44(5):342-50. doi: 10.1080/00207590802236258.
Child-rearing attitudes among East Asian groups have been emphasized in the developmental psychology literature in the context of their association with academic achievement. Although child-rearing attitudes play an important role in the transmission of cultural values, much of the research on East Asian child-rearing attitudes has ignored cultural variables and has instead focused on authoritarian parenting style. The current study examined the association between three classes of variables-culture (i.e., ethnic identity, self-construal, acculturation), demographics (sex, years in the US, English fluency), and self-disclosure-and traditional child-rearing attitudes (TCRA) among East Asian immigrants in the United States. It was hypothesized that higher levels of TCRA would be associated with higher levels of ethnic identity, interdependent self-construal, separation, and guarded self-disclosure, and fewer years spent in the United States. The participants included 170 East Asian (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) immigrants (88 men, 82 women) who were administered a battery of psychometrically established measures. Our hypotheses were largely supported. We found that, while there was no significant sex by ethnicity effect for TCRA, men were significantly more likely than women to endorse TCRA and the Korean group had significantly higher TCRA than the Japanese group. Ethnic identity, interdependent self-construal, separation, years in the US, and guarded self-disclosure were significant independent predictors of TCRA. The findings suggest the need for broadening the content of assessment tools of child-rearing attitudes and measuring associated cultural and noncultural variables among East Asian ethnic groups. Future research on child-rearing attitudes among Asian ethnic groups may benefit from (1) measuring multiple dimensions of TCRA, (2) assessing associated cultural variables directly rather than inferring them in an ad hoc fashion based on observed ethnicity differences, (3) measurement of demography (including sex and years spent in the host country) and (4) examining the potential influence of guarded self-disclosure.
东亚群体的育儿态度在发展心理学文献中受到重视，因为它们与学业成绩有关。尽管育儿态度在文化价值观的传递中起着重要作用，但许多关于东亚育儿态度的研究都忽略了文化变量，而是关注威权式教养风格。本研究考察了三类变量——文化（即民族认同、自我建构、文化适应）、人口统计学（性别、在美国的年限、英语流利程度）和自我表露——与美国东亚移民的传统育儿态度（TCRA）之间的关系。研究假设，TCRA 水平越高，与民族认同、相互依存的自我建构、分离和谨慎的自我表露水平越高，以及在美国的时间越短呈正相关。参与者包括 170 名东亚（中国、日本和韩国）移民（88 名男性，82 名女性），他们接受了一系列心理测量学上建立的测量。我们的假设得到了很大程度的支持。我们发现，虽然 TCRA 不存在显著的性别与种族的交互作用，但男性比女性更有可能支持 TCRA，而韩国群体的 TCRA 明显高于日本群体。民族认同、相互依存的自我建构、分离、在美国的年限和谨慎的自我表露是 TCRA 的重要独立预测因子。这些发现表明，有必要拓宽育儿态度评估工具的内容，并在东亚群体中测量相关的文化和非文化变量。关于亚洲族群育儿态度的未来研究可能受益于：（1）测量 TCRA 的多个维度，（2）直接评估相关的文化变量，而不是根据观察到的种族差异随意推断，（3）测量人口统计学（包括性别和在东道国的年限），以及（4）研究谨慎自我表露的潜在影响。
