Xi Jingxin, Zhang Bo, Yang Yufeng
School of Ecology & Environment, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
School of Ecology & Environment, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 10;955:177029. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177029. Epub 2024 Oct 18.
The spatial layout of the air quality monitoring network (AQMN) is crucial for objective, accurate, and comprehensive air quality assessment. The current technical standard specified the minimum quantity requirements for air quality monitoring sites, but there were no standards to specify the spatial of monitoring sites. This study proposed a novel framework to evaluate and optimize the spatial layout of AQMN. First, this study proposed three indicators to evaluate the performance of the current AQMN. They were monitoring area repetition rate, population coverage rate, and correlations. The assessment of AQMN in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surroundings areas (BTHs) showed the overall monitoring area repetition rate and population coverage rate was 81.07 % and 35.5 %, respectively, which means the current AQMN in BTHs has very high monitoring repeatability and limited population coverage. Secondly, a large-scale linear programming model was built to optimize the spatial layout and determine the spatial location of 279 newly added monitoring sites in BTHs according to the Environmental Monitoring 14th Five-Year Plan of China. The optimization results showed that the optimized AQMN covered 97 million additional people, and the population coverage rate increased to 49.5 %. The proposed framework provided a valuable tool to evaluate and optimize AQMN and could be a potential solution for developing new technical standards of AQMN.
空气质量监测网络（AQMN）的空间布局对于客观、准确和全面的空气质量评估至关重要。现行技术标准规定了空气质量监测站点的最低数量要求，但没有标准来规定监测站点的空间布局。本研究提出了一个评估和优化空气质量监测网络空间布局的新框架。首先，本研究提出了三个指标来评估当前空气质量监测网络的性能。它们是监测区域重复率、人口覆盖率和相关性。对京津冀及周边地区（BTHs）空气质量监测网络的评估表明，总体监测区域重复率和人口覆盖率分别为81.07%和35.5%，这意味着京津冀及周边地区目前的空气质量监测网络具有很高的监测重复性，但人口覆盖率有限。其次，建立了一个大规模线性规划模型来优化空间布局，并根据中国环境监测“十四五”规划确定京津冀及周边地区279个新增监测站点的空间位置。优化结果表明，优化后的空气质量监测网络覆盖了9700万新增人口，人口覆盖率提高到49.5%。所提出的框架为评估和优化空气质量监测网络提供了一个有价值的工具，并且可能是制定空气质量监测网络新技术标准的一个潜在解决方案。
