Cohen Philip R, Kurzrock Razelle
Dermatology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, USA.
Dermatology, Touro University California College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Sep 19;16(9):e69691. doi: 10.7759/cureus.69691. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in situ is a recently recognized subtype of the skin neoplasm in which the abnormal cells are confined to the epidermis. BCC in situ of the skin was previously referred to as a superficial BCC. A review of the world literature has revealed 10 cutaneous BCCs in situ that have been described in nine patients but likely reflect a more general phenomenon. The neoplasm typically presents as an asymptomatic red plaque on the abdomen, upper extremity, back, and chest. Pathologic changes frequently show confluent tumor cells along the epidermal basal layer or superficial aggregates of neoplastic cells that are contiguous with the epidermis and extend into the dermis. Genomic evaluation has been performed in neoplasms from one individual with cutaneous BCC in situ and metastatic BCC; like other variants of BCC, an aberration of the gene was observed. In contrast to his liver metastasis, the in situ carcinoma had a lower tumor mutational burden, lacked programmed death-ligand 1 and programmed death-ligand 2 amplification and had a distinct mutation, suggesting that the in situ BCC of his skin and the metastatic BCC of his liver were derived from different clones of cells.
皮肤原位基底细胞癌（BCC）是一种最近才被认识的皮肤肿瘤亚型，其中异常细胞局限于表皮。皮肤原位BCC以前被称为浅表性BCC。对世界文献的回顾发现，有9名患者被描述为患有10例皮肤原位BCC，但这可能反映了一种更普遍的现象。该肿瘤通常表现为腹部、上肢、背部和胸部无症状的红色斑块。病理变化经常显示沿表皮基底层的融合肿瘤细胞或与表皮相邻并延伸至真皮的肿瘤细胞浅表聚集。对一名患有皮肤原位BCC和转移性BCC的个体的肿瘤进行了基因组评估；与BCC的其他变体一样，观察到了该基因的畸变。与他的肝转移瘤相比，原位癌的肿瘤突变负担较低，缺乏程序性死亡配体1和程序性死亡配体2扩增，并且有一个独特的突变，这表明他皮肤的原位BCC和肝脏的转移性BCC源自不同的细胞克隆。
