Xie Zhaoyang, Bi Kaiwen, Feng Ningning, Ji Xiaoqing, Liu Yifan, Lam Hodar, Yu Hanlu, Cui Lijuan
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Adolesc. 2025 Feb;97(2):499-513. doi: 10.1002/jad.12436. Epub 2024 Oct 21.
Extant literature has linked sleep disturbance to depressive symptoms. However, the coexistence of naturally occurring sleep profiles among adolescents and the prospective associations between sleep profiles and depressive symptoms remain poorly understood. This study aims to uncover sleep patterns in Chinese adolescents based on a comprehensive set of sleep features (e.g., latency, daytime dysfunction, etc.) derived from the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and investigate the relationship between these profiles and subsequent depressive symptoms mediated by positive and negative coping styles.
Five thousand five hundred five adolescents from Shandong province, China, enrolled (M = 16.83 years; 49.9% girls) in a two-wave longitudinal study (T1 in August 2023; T2 in February 2024). Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify adolescent sleep patterns. Mediation and sensitivity analyses were used to examine prospective associations between sleep patterns, coping styles, and depressive symptoms.
Four qualitatively distinct sleep profiles emerged: Healthy Sleepers (18.9%), Latency but Functioning Sleepers (13.6%), Efficient but Dysfunctional Sleepers (57.5%), and Medicated Maladaptive Sleepers (10.0%). Using the Healthy Sleepers as a reference group, Latency but Functional Sleepers, Efficient but Dysfunctional Sleepers, and Medicated Maladaptive Sleepers all predicted subsequent depressive symptoms through positive coping styles rather than negative coping styles. The relative indirect effects were 0.19, 0.19, and 0.32, respectively.
The study underscored that adolescents exhibit distinct sleep patterns, and specific sleep profiles may be prospectively associated with depressive symptoms mediated by positive coping styles.
现有文献已将睡眠障碍与抑郁症状联系起来。然而，青少年中自然存在的睡眠模式共存情况以及睡眠模式与抑郁症状之间的前瞻性关联仍知之甚少。本研究旨在基于从匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）得出的一套全面的睡眠特征（如潜伏期、日间功能障碍等）揭示中国青少年的睡眠模式，并研究这些模式与随后由积极和消极应对方式介导的抑郁症状之间的关系。
来自中国山东省的5505名青少年（平均年龄M = 16.83岁；49.9%为女孩）参与了一项两阶段纵向研究（2023年8月为T1；2024年2月为T2）。进行潜在类别分析（LCA）以识别青少年的睡眠模式。采用中介分析和敏感性分析来检验睡眠模式、应对方式和抑郁症状之间的前瞻性关联。
出现了四种性质不同的睡眠模式：健康睡眠者（18.9%）、有潜伏期但功能良好的睡眠者（13.6%）、高效但功能失调的睡眠者（57.5%）和药物治疗下适应不良的睡眠者（10.0%）。以健康睡眠者作为参照组，有潜伏期但功能良好的睡眠者、高效但功能失调的睡眠者以及药物治疗下适应不良的睡眠者均通过积极应对方式而非消极应对方式预测随后的抑郁症状。相对间接效应分别为0.19、0.19和0.32。
该研究强调青少年表现出不同的睡眠模式，特定的睡眠模式可能与由积极应对方式介导的抑郁症状存在前瞻性关联。
