Sheikhi Bahram, Letafatkar Amir, Hadadnezhad Malihe, Hogg Jennifer
Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Graduate Athletic Training Program, Health and Human Performance Department, University of Tennessee Chattanooga, Tennessee.
Sports Health. 2024 Oct 21:19417381241290151. doi: 10.1177/19417381241290151.
Injury prevention training using a global systems approach was designed to develop integrated trunk-lower extremity neuromuscular control using whole-body, rotational forces about the vertical Z-axis during simulated sports movements.
Compared with traditional hip-focused exercises, injury prevention training using a global systems approach could improve kinetic and kinematic measures related to anterior cruciate ligament injury.
Controlled laboratory study.
Level 3.
A total of 39 male and female athletes received 6 weeks of either global systems approach (n = 20), or hip-focused strengthening, balance, and plyometrics training (n = 19) exercises. Before and after the training program, participants performed a single-leg vertical drop jump task on their dominant leg. Peak vertical ground-reaction forces (GRFs), peak knee abduction, internal rotation moments, peak hip flexion, hip adduction, knee flexion, knee abduction, contralateral pelvic drop, and lateral trunk flexion angles were assessed. Biomechanical data were compared between the 2 groups using a random-intercept linear mixed-models analysis.
A significant group × time interaction effect was found for vertical GRFs ( = 0.01; change difference relative to baseline: 4.5%), knee abduction moment ( = 0.01; 14.8%), hip adduction ( < 0.01; 16.7%), knee abduction ( < 0.01; 13.8%), contralateral pelvic drop ( < 0.01; change difference: 26.6%), and lateral trunk flexion ( 0.04; 20.37%) angles, favoring the global systems approach group after 6 weeks of training.
Participants who trained using the global systems approach had significantly decreased lateral trunk flexion, hip adduction, knee abduction and contralateral pelvic drop angles, peak vertical GRFs, and peak knee abduction moment during a single-leg vertical drop jump compared with participants who trained with hip-focused exercises.
Incorporating additional external resistance at the proximal trunk results in improved biomechanics compared with conventional hip-focused exercises.
采用整体系统方法的损伤预防训练旨在在模拟运动动作期间，利用围绕垂直Z轴的全身旋转力来发展躯干 - 下肢的综合神经肌肉控制能力。
与传统的以髋部为重点的训练相比，采用整体系统方法的损伤预防训练可改善与前交叉韧带损伤相关的动力学和运动学指标。
对照实验室研究。
3级。
共有39名男性和女性运动员接受为期6周的训练，其中20名采用整体系统方法训练，19名采用以髋部为重点的强化、平衡和增强式训练。在训练计划前后，参与者用其优势腿进行单腿垂直下落跳任务。评估垂直地面反作用力（GRF）峰值、膝关节外展、内旋力矩、髋关节屈曲、内收、膝关节屈曲、外展、对侧骨盆下降以及躯干侧屈角度。使用随机截距线性混合模型分析比较两组之间的生物力学数据。
在垂直GRF（P = 0.01；相对于基线的变化差异：4.5%）、膝关节外展力矩（P = 0.01；14.8%）、髋关节内收（P < 0.01；16.7%）、膝关节外展（P < 0.01；13.8%）、对侧骨盆下降（P < 0.01；变化差异：26.6%）和躯干侧屈（P = 0.04；20.37%）角度方面发现了显著的组×时间交互效应，训练6周后整体系统方法组更具优势。
与采用以髋部为重点训练的参与者相比，采用整体系统方法训练的参与者在单腿垂直下落跳过程中，躯干侧屈、髋关节内收、膝关节外展和对侧骨盆下降角度、垂直GRF峰值以及膝关节外展力矩峰值均显著降低。
与传统的以髋部为重点的训练相比，在躯干近端增加额外的外部阻力可改善生物力学。
