Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Vienna, Austria.
J Appl Biomed. 2024 Sep;22(3):123-128. doi: 10.32725/jab.2024.016. Epub 2024 Sep 2.
Cancer research is linked to modern life-sciences, encompassing achievements in virology, yeast-biology, molecular-biology, genetics, systems-biology, bioinformatics, and so on. With these fascinating developments, it's easy to overlook that the fundamental theories and treatment strategies were established in the early 20th century and have remained valid ever since. Therefore, tribute must be paid to the founders of the field. The main hypotheses on carcinogenesis, the genetic model and the metabolic model, and the concept of cancer-treatment with cytotoxic, targeted or metabolic drugs were proposed more than 100 years ago by great minds such as T. Boveri, O. Warburg, and P. Ehrlich. Hence nothing about these cancer concepts is really new. Through development of powerful new technologies, we have been able to decipher the mechanisms of malignant transformation, thus significantly advancing the field. Our own studies have been focused on the cross-talk between cell-growth-signaling and lipid-metabolism in ovarian cancer to find crossover-points for co-targeting in order to achieve synergistic treatment effects. Notably, a side-effect of the application of current methods of molecular-cell-biology is a deeper knowledge of the laws of normal cell-biology and cell-life. Thus we anticipate the field will advance rapidly in the near future.
癌症研究与现代生命科学相关联,涵盖了病毒学、酵母生物学、分子生物学、遗传学、系统生物学、生物信息学等方面的成就。随着这些引人入胜的发展,人们很容易忽视基本理论和治疗策略早在 20 世纪初就已确立,并且至今仍然有效。因此,必须向该领域的奠基人致敬。癌症发生的主要假说、遗传模型和代谢模型,以及使用细胞毒性、靶向或代谢药物治疗癌症的概念,都是由 T. Boveri、O. Warburg 和 P. Ehrlich 等伟大思想家在 100 多年前提出的。因此,这些癌症概念并没有真正的新意。通过开发强大的新技术,我们已经能够破译恶性转化的机制,从而极大地推动了该领域的发展。我们自己的研究一直集中在卵巢癌中细胞生长信号和脂质代谢之间的串扰上,以寻找共同靶向的交叉点,从而实现协同治疗效果。值得注意的是,应用当前分子细胞生物学方法的一个副作用是对正常细胞生物学和细胞生命规律有了更深入的了解。因此,我们预计该领域将在不久的将来迅速发展。