Ferreira Ana, Santos Simão, Silva Gonçalo, Baylina Núria
Oceanário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ISPA - Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Lisbon, Portugal.
Zoo Biol. 2025 Jan-Feb;44(1):92-97. doi: 10.1002/zoo.21875. Epub 2024 Oct 22.
Accurate collection of biometric data is important for understanding the biology and conservation of marine organisms, including elasmobranch and teleost fish, both in nature and controlled environments where monitoring marine specimens' health is mandatory. Traditional methods involving specimen capture and handling are invasive, stressful, and disruptive. Some techniques like underwater visual census or laser photogrammetry have been used for noninvasive data collection, but they have limitations and biases. The application of stereo-video photogrammetry through the use of diver-operated stereo-video systems (stereo-DOV) is a noninvasive method that overcomes these challenges, providing highly accurate measurements. It has become popular for species monitoring, studying anthropogenic impacts, and assessing length distributions. However, this technique is still uncommon and barely reported in aquarium settings. This study describes an innovative pilot study targeting multiple species carried out in a Public Aquarium, using a low-cost house-made device. The results revealed that measuring more than 100 individuals in approximately 1 day's work is possible. Total and fork lengths were estimated using specific software for 31 teleost and 16 elasmobranch species and compared with real measurements for the available species. Despite technical limitations that must be reviewed for application in future studies that resulted in high root mean square (RMS) values (> 20 mm), differences between methodological approaches revealed a minimal discrepancy (1.37%-5% in large sharks and rays and 1.8%-5.5% in teleost fish). This technique has time and cost requirements, but might represent a major advance in husbandry and in the contribution to conservation that ex situ studies can provide.
准确收集生物特征数据对于了解海洋生物（包括板鳃亚纲鱼类和硬骨鱼）的生物学特性及保护它们至关重要，无论是在自然环境还是在必须监测海洋标本健康状况的受控环境中。涉及标本捕获和处理的传统方法具有侵入性、会造成压力且具有破坏性。一些技术，如水下视觉普查或激光摄影测量法，已被用于非侵入性数据收集，但它们存在局限性和偏差。通过使用潜水员操作的立体视频系统（stereo - DOV）应用立体视频摄影测量法是一种非侵入性方法，它克服了这些挑战，能提供高度准确的测量结果。它在物种监测、研究人为影响和评估长度分布方面已变得很流行。然而，这项技术在水族馆环境中仍然不常见且鲜有报道。本研究描述了一项在公共水族馆中针对多个物种开展的创新性试点研究，使用了一种低成本的自制设备。结果显示，在大约一天的工作时间内测量100多个个体是可行的。使用特定软件对31种硬骨鱼和16种板鳃亚纲鱼类的全长和叉长进行了估计，并与现有物种的实际测量值进行了比较。尽管在未来研究应用中必须审视导致高均方根（RMS）值（> 20毫米）的技术局限性，但不同方法之间的差异显示出极小的偏差（大型鲨鱼和鳐鱼为1.37% - 5%，硬骨鱼为1.8% - 5.5%）。这项技术有时间和成本要求，但可能代表着在养殖方面以及在异地研究对保护工作所能做出的贡献方面取得了重大进展。
