Wang Zehao, Sun Yue, Zhang Dalong, Wang Yue, Zhou Dezheng, Li Wen, Yan Jing, Chen Yongjie, Luo Suhui, Qian Zhiyong, Li Zhenshu, Huang Guowei
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China.
Nutr Res. 2024 Dec;132:27-39. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.015. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) positively affect cognitive function. However, it remains unclear whether the improvement is related to the alterations of gut microbiota and inflammation and the impact of the combined intervention. In this study, we hypothesized that the supplementation of MCTs combined with DHA could modulate gut microbiota, inflammation, and improve cognitive function in APPswe/PS1De9 model mice and senescence-accelerated mouse-prone-8, which are two different mouse models used in neurodegeneration research. The mice were divided into four groups: Control group, MCTs group, DHA group, and MCTs + DHA group. The study assessed cognitive function, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. The results showed that supplementation of MCTs + DHA improved spatial learning ability, memory capacity, exploratory behavior; decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria; reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes; decreased the concentrations of serum interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, while increasing the concentration of IL-10. Furthermore, supplementation with MCTs + DHA exhibited significantly superior effects compared to MCTs or DHA alone in reducing inflammation, optimizing gut microbiota composition, and improving cognitive function. In conclusion, supplementation with MCTs + DHA improved cognition function, accompanied with favorable alterations in gut microbiota and inflammation in APPswe/PS1De9 and senescence-accelerated mouse-prone-8 mice.
越来越多的证据表明，中链甘油三酯（MCTs）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）对认知功能有积极影响。然而，这种改善是否与肠道微生物群和炎症的改变以及联合干预的影响尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们假设在APPswe/PS1De9模型小鼠和衰老加速易患8型小鼠（神经退行性研究中使用的两种不同小鼠模型）中，补充MCTs与DHA相结合可以调节肠道微生物群、炎症，并改善认知功能。将小鼠分为四组：对照组、MCTs组、DHA组和MCTs + DHA组。该研究评估了认知功能、炎性细胞因子和肠道微生物群组成。结果表明，补充MCTs + DHA可提高空间学习能力、记忆能力、探索行为；降低变形菌门的相对丰度；降低厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门的比例；降低血清白细胞介素（IL）-2、IL-6、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1、肿瘤坏死因子-α的浓度，同时增加IL-10的浓度。此外，与单独使用MCTs或DHA相比，补充MCTs + DHA在减轻炎症、优化肠道微生物群组成和改善认知功能方面表现出显著更优的效果。总之，在APPswe/PS1De9和衰老加速易患8型小鼠中，补充MCTs + DHA可改善认知功能，并伴有肠道微生物群和炎症的有益改变。
