Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria.
Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication Africa Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria.
Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2024 Jan-Dec;23:15330338241290029. doi: 10.1177/15330338241290029.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers among men, particularly affecting men of African descent and contributing significantly to cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease varies widely, from slow-developing forms to highly aggressive or potentially fatal variants. Accurate risk stratification is crucial for making therapeutic decisions and designing adequate clinical trials. This review assesses a broad spectrum of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, many of which are incorporated into clinical guidelines, including the Prostate Health Index (PHI), 4Kscore, STHLM3, PCA3, SelectMDx, ExoDx Prostate Intelliscore (EPI), and MiPS. It also highlights emerging biomarkers with preclinical support, such as urinary non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation patterns. Additionally, the review explores the role of tumor-associated microbiota in PCa, offering new insights into its potential contributions to disease understanding. By examining the latest advancements in PCa biomarkers, this review enhances understanding their roles in disease management.
前列腺癌（PCa）是男性中最常见和最致命的癌症之一，特别是影响非洲裔男性，并在全球范围内导致显著的癌症发病率和死亡率。该疾病的表现形式差异很大，从发展缓慢的形式到高度侵袭性或潜在致命的变体。准确的风险分层对于做出治疗决策和设计适当的临床试验至关重要。本综述评估了广泛的诊断和预后生物标志物，其中许多已被纳入临床指南，包括前列腺健康指数（PHI）、4Kscore、STHLM3、PCA3、SelectMDx、ExoDx Prostate Intelliscore（EPI）和 MiPS。它还强调了具有临床前支持的新兴生物标志物，如尿非编码 RNA 和 DNA 甲基化模式。此外，该综述探讨了肿瘤相关微生物组在 PCa 中的作用，为其对疾病理解的潜在贡献提供了新的见解。通过检查 PCa 生物标志物的最新进展，本综述增强了对其在疾病管理中的作用的理解。
