Lamb Matthew C, Steiniger Keri A, Trigoura Leslie K, Wu Jason, Kundu Gourab, Huang He, Lambert Tristan H
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Chem Rev. 2024 Nov 13;124(21):12264-12304. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00464. Epub 2024 Oct 23.
Electrocatalysis and photocatalysis have been the focus of extensive research efforts in organic synthesis in recent decades, and these powerful strategies have provided a wealth of new methods to construct complex molecules. Despite these intense efforts, only recently has there been a significant focus on the combined use of these two modalities. Nevertheless, the past five years have witnessed rapidly growing interest in the area of electrophotocatalysis. This hybrid strategy capitalizes on the enormous benefits of using photons as reagents while also employing an electric potential as a convenient and tunable source or sink of electrons. Research on this topic has led to a number of methods for C-H functionalization, reductive cross-coupling, and olefin addition among others. This field has also seen the use of a broad range of catalyst types, including both metal and organocatalysts. Of particular note has been work with open-shell photocatalysts, which tend to have comparatively large redox potentials. Electrochemistry provides a convenient means to generate such species, making electrophotocatalysis particularly amenable to this intriguing class of redox catalyst. This review surveys methods in the area of electrophotocatalysis as applied to organic synthesis, organized broadly into oxidative, reductive, and redox neutral transformations.
近几十年来，电催化和光催化一直是有机合成领域广泛研究的重点，这些强大的策略提供了大量构建复杂分子的新方法。尽管付出了巨大努力，但直到最近才开始显著关注这两种方式的联合使用。然而，在过去五年中，光电催化领域的关注度迅速增长。这种混合策略利用了将光子用作试剂的巨大优势，同时还将电势用作方便且可调的电子源或电子阱。对该主题的研究已经产生了许多用于C-H官能化、还原交叉偶联和烯烃加成等反应的方法。该领域还使用了广泛的催化剂类型，包括金属催化剂和有机催化剂。特别值得注意的是使用开壳层光催化剂的研究，这类催化剂往往具有相对较大的氧化还原电位。电化学提供了一种生成此类物种的便捷方法，使得光电催化特别适用于这类引人入胜的氧化还原催化剂。本综述概述了应用于有机合成的光电催化领域的方法，大致分为氧化、还原和氧化还原中性转化。
